摘 要

天然气、液化石油气等已经广泛应用并取得了良好结果。醇类燃料也是十分理想的替代燃料，拥有作为燃料优秀的理化性质。其中甲醇和乙醇都有着十分广泛的来源。两者作为发动机燃料已经存在了许多技术方案，但是甲醇与乙醇两者之间哪种作为燃料更具优势目前尚无定论。本研究主要是对比前人试验研究的各种技术方案，从动力性、经济性、排放性和碳排放几个方面对比技术方案之间的性能差别。

分析结果表明，综合对比下甲醇比乙醇更具优势，动力性和经济性方面都比乙醇更好。而乙醇在排放性方面优于甲醇。不过这些结果是在关于乙醇重整气的应用研究还有欠缺的情况下得出的，未来根据试验研究的增加或许会有另外的结论出现。

关键词：醇类燃料；发动机；技术路线；性能对比

[Abstract] With the economic globalization and the rapid development of automobile industry, people have a strong dependence on fossil energy. With the rapid development of economy, the shortage of fossil energy is becoming more and more serious, and the environmental pollution caused by the massive use of fossil energy is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, the search for cleaner energy sources to replace the current fossil fuels has become the top priority of modern economic development.

Natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and so on have been widely used and achieved good results. Alcohol fuel is also an ideal alternative fuel with excellent physical and chemical properties. Among them, methanol and ethanol have a very wide range of sources. There are a number of technical schemes for using methanol and ethanol as engine fuels, but it has not been decided which one is more advantageous. This study mainly compares various technical schemes studied by predecessors, and compares the performance differences among technical schemes from the aspects of power, economy, emission and carbon emission.

The results show that methanol is superior to ethanol in both dynamic performance and economic performance. Ethanol is superior to methanol in terms of emission. However, these results were obtained in the absence of studies on the application of ethanol reforming gas. In the future, there may be other conclusions based on the increase of experimental studies.

Keywords: alcohol fuel, The engine, Technical route, The performance comparison

目录

1.绪论 1

1.1.研究背景 1

1.2.研究目的 1

1.3.国内外研究现状 1

1.3.1.甲醇 1

1.3.2.乙醇 2

2.技术方案介绍 3

2.1.甲醇 3

2.1.1.甲醇发动机 3

2.1.2.甲醇裂解气 3

2.1.4.甲醇汽油 4

2.1.5.甲醇柴油 4

2.1.6.汽油掺烧甲醇裂解气 4

2.1.7.柴油掺烧甲醇裂解气 4

2.2.乙醇 4

2.2.1.乙醇发动机 4

2.2.2.乙醇重整气 5

2.2.3.乙醇汽油 5

2.2.4.乙醇柴油 5

2.2.5.汽油掺混乙醇重整气 5

2.2.6.柴油掺混乙醇重整气 5

3. 性能对比 6

3.1.经济性对比 6

3.1.1.甲醇与乙醇 6

3.1.2.甲醇裂解气与乙醇重整气 6

3.1.3.甲醇汽油与乙醇汽油 7

3.1.4.甲醇柴油与乙醇柴油 7

3.1.5.汽油掺烧甲醇裂解气或乙醇重整气 8

3.1.6.柴油掺烧甲醇裂解气或乙醇重整气 8

3.2.排放性能对比 9

3.2.1.甲醇与乙醇 9

3.2.2.甲醇裂解气与乙醇重整气 10

3.2.3.甲醇汽油与乙醇汽油 12

3.2.4.甲醇柴油与乙醇柴油 13

3.2.5.汽油掺烧甲醇裂解气与汽油掺烧乙醇重整气 15

3.2.6.柴油掺烧甲醇裂解气和柴油掺烧乙醇重整气 16

3.3.动力性能对比 18

3.3.1.甲醇和乙醇 18

3.3.2.甲醇裂解气与乙醇重整气 18

3.3.3.甲醇汽油/乙醇汽油 19

3.3.4.甲醇柴油与乙醇柴油 19

3.3.5.汽油掺烧甲醇裂解气与汽油掺烧乙醇重整气 20

3.3.6.柴油掺烧甲醇裂解气和柴油掺烧乙醇重整气 20

3.4.碳排放比较 21

4. 对比结果分析 22

4.1.经济性对比结果 22

4.2.排放性对比结果 22

4.3.动力性对比结果 22

4.4碳排放分析 22

4.4.结论 23

5. 总结与展望 23

5.1. 全文总结 23

5.2. 工作展望 23

参考文献： 24

致谢 25

1.绪论

1.1.研究背景

能源是人类从古至今赖以生存发展的重要物质基础，如同发动机一般推动着人类文明的进步。人类社会的每一次巨大进步都伴随着能源的更替或者使用能源方式的改变。石油天然气等燃料改变了现代工业结构并促进了全球经济增长，但是全球经济发展的代价是石油资源的枯竭和化石燃料所带来的环境问题，如今世界各国都在寻找稳定充足的清洁能源来缓解能源危机和解决化石能源带来的环境问题。

我国的化石能源储量有“富煤、贫油、少气”的特点，我国已探明的煤炭储量约占世界储量的11.6%，石油占2.3%，天然气占0.9%。从1993年开始我国已成为石油净进口国，石油进口量逐年上升，对国外石油资源依赖程度日益加大。而随着我国经济的发展，我国汽车需求量一直在持续增加，进一步加剧了国内石油资源供给紧张的局面。