95吨锅炉MGGH技术烟气再热装置毕业论文
2020-07-11 18:17:52
摘 要
我国二氧化硫年排放量居世界首位。目前我国电厂石灰石一石膏湿法脱硫(FGD)仍是主要脱硫方法且大多数不设置烟气再热系统。因此烟气出口温度低于烟气的露点温度,烟气中的水分易凝结,形成稀硫酸,锅炉尾部烟道易腐蚀,烟囱附近出现白色烟羽及石膏雨现象,污染环境,所以烟气消白问题现在已经成为长期影响中国可持续发展的一个重要问题。目前MGGH技术,即在原有电除尘 湿法烟气脱硫工艺(单一除尘、脱硫工艺)的基础上,开发了采用无泄漏管式热媒体加热器的湿式石灰石石膏法烟气脱硫工艺在该系统中,以其换热系统无泄漏,占地面积小,烟气冷却段和再热段可分别布置于脱硫前后烟道上,布置灵活,足以满足烟气消白的要求的优越性,有很大的发展潜力。本文对MGGH技术原理及优越性作了较为详尽的介绍。接着,本文着重讲了再热器在电厂烟气消白方面的应用。然后,本文选定特定参数,集合相关文献,设计了95吨锅炉MGGH技术烟气再热装置,包括传热计算、结构设计和校核等方面的内容。本文设计的烟气再热装置,流量为95000kg/h的烟气进出口温度分别为49℃和℃与流量为34.44t/h的热媒水进出口温度分别为111℃和70℃,热负荷为kW。热媒水侧和烟气侧迎风面积分别为m2。实际管子根数768根,采用螺旋翅片管形式为32×24。最后,本文对MGGH技术作了总结及对未来发展的一个展望。
关键词:MGGH 烟气消白 螺旋翅片管 再热装置
95 ton boiler MGGH flue gas reheating device
ABSTRACT
China's annual emission of sulfur dioxide ranks first in the world. At present, limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization (FGD) is still the main desulphurization method in China's power plants and most of them do not have a flue gas reheating system. Therefore, the temperature of the flue gas outlet is lower than the dew-point temperature of the flue gas. The moisture in the flue gas is apt to condense and dilute sulfuric acid is formed. The flue of the boiler is easily corroded. White smoke plumes and gypsum rain appear near the chimney, polluting the environment, so the flue gas is eliminated. The White Problem has now become an important issue that affects China's sustainable development in the long term. At present, MGGH technology, which is based on the original electrostatic precipitator wet flue gas desulfurization technology (single dust removal, desulfurization process), has developed a wet limestone gypsum flue gas desulfurization process using a leak-free tubular thermal medium heater in the system. In the heat exchange system, there is no leakage and the floor space is small. The flue gas cooling section and the reheat section can be arranged on the flue gas ducts before and after the desulfurization respectively. The layout is flexible enough to meet the requirements of flue gas bleaching requirements. The development potential. This article makes a detailed introduction to the principle and superiority of MGGH technology. Then, this article focuses on the application of reheaters in the elimination of white smoke in power plants. Then, this article selects specific parameters, assembles related documents, and designs a 95-ton boiler MGGH flue gas reheating device, including heat transfer calculations, structural design, and verification. The reheating device designed in this article has a inlet temperature of 49°C for the flue gas and a flow rate of 34.44t/h for the 95000Nm3/h water inlet and outlet temperatures of 111°C and 70°C, respectively, and a heat load of kW. The windward area on the water side and the flue gas side of the heat medium is m2. The actual number of tubes is 768, in the form of 32×24. Finally, this article summarizes the MGGH technology and a prospect for future development.
Keywords: MGGH flue gas elimination spiral coil heat exchanger reheating device.
目录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 项目背景 1
1.2 国内外烟气再热系统现状 1
1.3 现有技术 2
1.3.1 MGGH技术工艺原理及结构 2
1.3.2 MGGH技术特点 2
1 除尘效率高 3
2 无泄漏 3
3 减轻尾部烟道和烟囱的腐蚀 3
4 改善白色烟羽现象 3
5 减轻石膏雨现象 3
1.3.3 MGGH运行中各种问题的技术处理 3
1 腐蚀问题 3
2 积灰堵塞问题 3
3 磨损问题 3
4 振动问题 4
1.4 未来发展方向 4
1.5 小结 5
第二章 95吨锅炉MGGH再热装置的设计 6
2.1 烟气再热装置的结构和原理 6
2.2初始设计参数 6
2.3燃烧计算 7
2.3.1 理论空气量及理论烟气容积 7
2.3.2 空气平衡表 8
2.3.3 再热装置中烟气各成分体积 8
2.3.4 焓温表 9
2.3.5 物性表 10
2.4锅炉热平衡及燃料消耗量计算 12
2.5再热装置热平衡计算 14
2.6再热器热力计算与结构设计 15
2.6.1 翅片管 15
2.6.2 管子排布 17
2.6.3 烟气换热系数 18
2.6.4工质换热系数 19
2.6.5总传热系数及管排数 20
2.7烟气侧阻力计算 21
第三章 再热器结构设计说明 22
3.1强度校核 22
3.2制图说明 22
第四章 结果与展望 23
4.1设计结果 23
4.2未来展望 23
参考文献 24
致谢 26
第一章 绪论
1.1 项目背景
我国大气污染严重,污染物以二氧化硫为主,此外,我国二氧化硫年排放量居世界首位。目前我国电厂烟气脱硫方法以石灰石一石膏湿法脱硫(FGD)为主,大多数锅炉尾部不加设烟气再热装置。脱硫塔烟气入口温度约为120~160℃,脱硫塔净烟气出口温度一般约为45~55℃,由于烟气出口温度低于烟气的露点温度,因此烟气中的水分易凝结,形成稀硫酸,锅炉尾部烟道易腐蚀,烟囱附近出现白色烟羽及石膏雨现象,污染环境。加装再热系统以后提高烟气出口温度,烟气中的水分不易凝结,减少稀硫酸的形成。因此,加装烟气再热系统能有效的解决此类问题[1-3]。
1.2 国内外烟气再热系统现状