论文总字数：23221字

摘 要

本次ZM400型粉体增密机设计采用的是啮合同向的双螺杆结构，之所以选用这种结构，主要是考虑到它的输送效率高、具有自洁的特点、物料进入机器后的送料时间分布均匀等优点。相较于其他结构的机器，如单螺杆式、对滚式等，双螺杆式得到的产品质量较高，并且能够满足产量的需要。该增密机的设计关键就是螺杆的设计，将螺距设计成由大变小的形式，这样就可以把物料逐步压缩最终得到所要要的堆积密度的产品，其次就是根据所给要求，选取电动机，减速器等器件，并设计传动系统。该机在生产过程中要求加料连续，不发生物料粘辊发热的现象，且能24小时连续运转。最终得到的颗粒产品的粒径在φ6到φ10毫米之间，单颗粒抗压强度不小于20牛顿。当然，这次机械设计我选用的是啮合同向的双螺杆结构，主要还是考虑到他的自洁作用，为的是提高我所设计的增密的使用寿命，特别是双螺杆部分的使用寿命。因为双螺杆是增密机的关键部位并且其制造的成本也比较高，工作的环境情况复杂。对于它的刚度和强度都有一定的要求，所以螺杆的长度并不能取得太大，太大的挠度的会使得双螺杆部件与箱体部分的摩擦增大,寿命降低。

关键词：粉体 啮合同向 双螺杆增密机

ZM400-type powder densification machine design

Abstract

The ZM400 type powder densification machine design is adopted to the Intermeshing Twin screw structure. The reason why I choose this structure, mainly considering its high efficiency,the characteristics of self-cleaning, material into the machine after the feeding time distribution, etc. Compared to other structures of the machine, such as single screw type, roller type, double screw type of product quality is higher, and can meet the needs of production yield. The key to the densification machine design is the screw design,and design the pitch changing from the big to the small, so that it can be the material gradually compressed ,finally we could get to the bulk density of the products.The next is according to the requirements to select the motor, reducer device and drive system. During the production process the machine requires continuous feeding, without the phenomenon of the material sticky roller, and can be 24-hours continuous operation. The final product particle size between 6 to 10 mm diameter, single grain compressive strength is not less than 20 Newton. Of course, the mechanical design that I used is intermeshing co rotating twin-screw structure. The main reason is to consider his self-cleaning effect, because of improving service life of my design，especially the service life of the double screw rod. Because the twin screw is the key part of the densification machine and its manufacturing cost is relatively high,and the work of the environment is complex. For the certain requirements of its stiffness and strength, so the length of the screw can not be too long, the long deflection will make the friction between the twin screw parts and the body part increase and reduce its life expectancy.

Keywords: Powder ;twin-screw ;thickening machine

目 录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 粉体的基本概念及其特性 1

1.1 粉体增密的目的 1

1.2 粉体的几何特性 1

1.2.1粉体的基本特性 1

1.2.2粒径的定义 1

1.2.3粒度分布 2

1.3粉体的摩擦性 3

1.4粉体增密的原理和常用机构 4

第二章 ZM400增密机的设计计算 5

2.1增密机的工作原理 5

2.2 增密机的种类特点 5

2.2.1单、双螺杆机构的比较 5

2.2.2双螺杆增密机的分类 5

2. 3 ZM400增密机的结构 5

2.3.1挤压系统 6

2.3.2传动系统 6

2.3.3加料系统 6

2. 4 ZM400增密机的主要参数 7

2.4.1 ZM400增密机的已知条件 7

2．4．2 ZM400增密机的螺杆的转速 7

2.4.3计算ZM400增密机拖动功率 7

2.4.4电机的选择 8

2.4.5带传动的设计 8

2.4．6 螺杆设计 10

2.4.7螺纹部分的几何形状的选择 12

2.4.8料斗的设计 12

2.4.9传动系统的设计 13

2.4.10轴的设计 14

2.4.11齿轮的设计 18

2.4.12轴承的校核 21

2.4.13输入轴的校核 24

2.4.14螺杆的强度校核 26

结语 30

参考文献 31

致谢 33

粉体的基本概念及其特性

1.1 粉体造粒的目的

粉体增密在当下已经成为了粉体处理和改性的一个最主要的分支，而且随着我国经济的进一步发展，之前粗放的经济发展模式给我国环境带来了不可逆的破坏，人们越来越重视环境保护和工业化发展。因而粉体增密技术应运而生，并且在最近几年的发展势头迅猛。意义有：

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