论文总字数：18184字

摘 要

机械优化设计是适应现代化生产的一门崭新的学科，它能使各种机械产品的设计达到更高的要求。优化设计是建立在最优化的数学方式以及计算优化技术基础上的，可以实现产品的质量，成本和功能等设计指标最优化的一种现代工程设计方法。设计过程是指根据一定的目的和要求进行构思，策划和计划，实验，计算和绘图等一系列活动的总体。

黄金分割法也称0.618法，它是一种等比例续断区间的直接搜索方法。在搜索区间[α₁，α₃]已经确定的情况下，可用黄金分割法求最优步长因子α^*。基于黄金分割法再利用 C语言程序求解全局最优解的方法, 是一种相当简单而有效的方法。C语言程序是函数的集合体, 每个函数都具有相对独立的单一功能。其中有且只有一个函数称为主函数, 程序的执行总是从主函数开始, 程序中主函数之外的其他函数, 是在执行主函数时通过函数调用的方式得以执行。被调函数一般是自定义函数也可以是由系统提供的标准函数。C语言程序的函数结构非常有利于把整体程序分割成若干相对独立的功能模块, 并且为程序模块间的相互调用以及数据传递提供了快捷的途径。

关键词：优化设计 黄金分割法 C语言

ABSTRACT

Mechanical optimization design is a new subject to adapt to the modern production, it can make all kinds of mechanical products design to achieve higher requirements. Optimization design is based on the optimization of mathematical methods and computing technology, can achieve product quality, cost and function of the design optimization of a modern engineering design method. Design process is a series of activities, such as the idea, planning, planning, experiment, calculation, drawing, and so on, according to a certain purpose and requirements.The general design process has the following characteristics:

1. Design is a process of creative thinking.
2. Design is an iterative process.
3. Design is a "single input (user needs) / multi output (multiple solutions)" process.

The golden section method also known as the 0.618 method, it is a direct search method such as the proportion of Dipsacus interval. In the search interval [α₁，α₃] has been identified in the case, the golden section method can be used to find the optimal step size factor α^*.Based on the golden section method and then using the C language program to solve the global optimal solution method, is a very simple and effective method. C language program is a collection of functions, each function has a relatively independent of the single function. One and only one function called the main function, the implementation of the program is always starting from the main function, the main function of the program in addition to the other functions, the main function is executed by the way of function calls to be executed. The user defined function can also be the standard function provided by the system. The function structure of C language program is very helpful to partition the whole program into several relatively independent function modules, and provides a quick way for the mutual calls and data transfer between the program modules.

Key words: Optimal design Golden section method C language

目录

摘要…......................................…...........................................Ⅲ

ABSTRACT…......................................….........…................Ⅳ

1. 绪论…......................................….........…................1
   1. 引言…......................................…..................................1
   2. 文献综述....................…................................................1
   3. 优化设计概述…......................................…....................2

1.3.1 分类…......................................…..........................2

1.3.2 优化设计的工作过程…......................................….....3

1.3.3 优化设计的研究现状.................................….............4

• 1. 本文的主要研究内容…......................................….............4

1. 优化设计的基本理论....…......................................6

2.1 目标函数的基本性质…......................................…...........6

2.1.1 函数的等值面…......................................…...............6

2.1.2 函数的最速下降方向…......................................…......6

2.1.3 函数的凸性…......................................…..................7

2.2 设计问题的最优解及其最优性条件…...............................7

2.2.1 设计问题的最优解…......................................….........7

2.2.2 无约束问题最优解的最优性条件…................................8

2.2.3 约束问题最优解的最优性条件…...................................9

2.2.4数值计算迭代法的基本思想….......................................9

2.2.5无约束优化迭代计算的终止准则…................................10

1. 黄金分割法程序设计…......................................…...11

3.1 确定搜索区间的程序框图…......................................…...11

3.2 黄金分割法的程序框图..…......................................…....12

3.3 程序设计…......................................….............................13

3.4单变量优化计算方法…......................................…............14

3.5 黄金分割法的基本原理…......................................….......14

1. 优化实例和程序运行…......................................…....17

4.1 计算实例…......................................….............................17

4.1.1 例题1…......................................….........................17

4.1.2 例题2…......................................….........................18

4.2 运行结果............…......................................…........20

1. 结论与展望…......................................…....................21

5.1 结论…......................................…....................................21

5.2 展望…......................................…....................................21

参考文献…......................................…....................................22

致谢…......................................…...........................................23

1. 绪论
   1. 引言

如今整个市场竞争十分激烈，对于机械产品的优化设计需要比以往更高的要求。为了进一步提高机械产品的功能和质量，缩短设计周期，降低机械制造成本，优化设计技术越来越受到社会各界的青睐，经过最近几年的发展已经在各个行业得到了广泛的应用。优化设计是建立在最优化的数学方式以及计算优化技术基础上的，可以实现产品的质量，成本和功能等设计指标最优化的一种现代工程设计方法。机械优化设计是最优化技术在机械设计领域的应用，需要利用和数学有关的方法来求解出最优化的设计方案，也就是用数学模型来模拟实际机械设计问题。对于整个机械优化设计过程来说，一定要明确优化目标，设计变量和约束条件，因为这是基本优化模型的三要素。建立好数学模型之后，机械优化问题就相当于一个数学求解问题，然后应用数学上的理论方法和数学模型的特点，选择适当的方法，利用计算机编程，求得最佳优化参数。

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