摘 要

管子是人们日常生活中经常使用的工具，制造它的材料有很多，常用的有钢、铁等金属以及塑料、陶瓷和橡胶等非金属。碳纤维布简称碳布，它的纺织材料一般是碳纤维，目前也有一些是使用预氧化的纤维织物经过碳化处理后再制得的。碳布缠绕管子的装备就是用缠绕成型工艺把预浸碳布按照已经设定好的规律缠绕到管子上，然后再通过其他几道工艺获得制品。目前现有的缠绕方法及工装设备有很多，但良莠不齐。部分生产方法存在产品的质量参差不齐、成型的效率不高和设备扩展性差等诸多问题。

本文按照不同种类规格管子的形状尺寸和功用要求，在经过对现有诸多传统回转体带缠绕、带铺放等自动化缠绕成型工艺的比较和分析的基础上，进行工艺优化和开发，提出一种新型可行的预浸碳布管子缠绕成型设备的分析设计方案。按照管子是回转体的几何特性，设计预浸碳布带张力和缠绕压紧力的力学模型与恒力控制的方法。

依据选择的工艺方法，进行碳布缠绕管子成型装备的总体方案设计，其中包括对缠绕过程的力学与运动学分析。其中机身设计为带轨道长行程直线机构，可进行管子芯模的装夹和转动，且具有一定的消振功能。

对装置的主要工作执行件缠绕头进行功用分析，按照缠绕加工时缠绕头的运动路线和受力情况，提出新型结构和恒力控制构件的分析设计。设计出包含预浸碳布恒张力放料装置、碳布隔离膜收卷装置和气动式柔性压辊压紧力装置等组件的移动式缠绕工作台系统。

本文的分析研讨为预浸碳布缠绕管子装备的稳定高效率缠绕成型过程提供了一种可靠便捷的技术方案。

关键词：碳布缠绕；过程分析；结构设计；管子

Abstract

Tubes are the tools that people use in their daily lives. There are many materials for making it. Commonly used are metals such as steel and iron, as well as non-metallic materials such as plastic, ceramics and rubber. Carbon fiber cloth referred to as carbon cloth, its textile material is generally carbon fiber, there are some of the use of pre-oxidized fiber fabric after carbonation and then prepared. Carbon cloth wrapped pipe is equipped with a winding process to prepack the carbon cloth has been set in accordance with the law has been set to wrap the tube, and then through a few other process to obtain products. At present the existing winding method and tooling equipment there are many, but good and bad. Part of the production methods exist uneven quality of the product, the molding efficiency is not high and poor equipment expansion and many other issues.

In this paper, according to the different size of the tube size and function requirements, in the existing many of the traditional rotary belt winding, with laying and other automated winding molding process on the basis of comparison and analysis of the process optimization and development, Analysis and Design of New Feasible Carbon Carbide Pipe Wrapping Machine. According to the geometrical characteristics of the tube, the mechanical model and the constant force control method of the preloaded carbon cloth tension and the winding pressing force are designed.

According to the selected method, the overall design of the carbon cloth wound tube forming equipment is carried out, including the mechanics and kinematics analysis of the winding process. One of the fuselage design for the track with a long straight line mechanism, the tube core mold can be clamped and rotated, and has a certain vibration elimination function.

The function analysis of the main working parts of the device is carried out. According to the movement route and the force of the winding head during winding processing, the analysis and design of the new structure and constant force control member are put forward. A mobile winding system including a pre-impregnated carbon cloth constant tension dispenser, a carbon cloth isolation film rewinding device and a pneumatic flexible press roller compacting device is designed.

The analysis and discussion of this paper provide a reliable and convenient technical scheme for the stable and efficient winding process of pre-impregnated carbon cloth winding tube.

Key Words：Carbon cloth winding；process analysis；structural design;tube

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 缠绕成型技术 1

1.2 缠绕成型工艺特点 1

1.3 缠绕成型的分类 2

1.4 纤维缠绕成型应用现状 3

第二章 碳布缠绕管子成型方法研究 4

2.1 碳布缠绕管子成型要求 4

2.2 碳布缠绕管子性能要求 5

2.3 碳布缠绕管子成型工艺方案设计 5

2.4 碳布缠绕过程分析 6

2.4.1 张力的分析 6

2.4.2 压紧力的分析 9

2.4.3 碳布缠绕轨迹分析 11

第三章 碳布缠绕管子成型装备设计分析 13

3.1 缠绕设备总体结构方案设计分析 13

3.2 底座机身的设计分析 15

3.3 移动式缠绕工作台的结构设计分析 15

3.3.1 缠绕工作台的功能要求 15

3.3.2 缠绕工作台的总体结构方案 16

3.3.3 缠绕工作台斜角缠绕分析 18

3.3.4 放卷轮及其张力机构 21

3.3.5 收卷轮及其张力机构 22

3.3.6 压紧力实施机构 23

第四章 缠绕机结构应力分析 24

4.1 关键部件的应力与刚度分析 24

4.2 关键部件结构分析 25

结论 26

参考文献 27

致谢 28

第一章 绪论

1.1 缠绕成型技术

纤维缠绕成型技术是指将不间断的纤维或者由其制成的纤维带在通过树脂浸胶后（或者使用已经预浸过的纤维或碳布带），沿着须要进行缠绕的不同形状的缠绕芯模以特定的规律进行缠绕工作，使得纤维或带的每一层之间紧密黏合，然后通过加热（或常温）固化后，再使用切割、剪裁等后续工序处理，最终形成要求形状的产品。缠绕机械是完成缠绕成型工艺的重要设施，同时在整个缠绕成型过程中，还要用到纤维架、预浸设备、修整和脱模设备以及检测设备等辅助装置。

1.2 缠绕成型工艺特点

流程图1.1所示的就是一般的纤维缠绕成型过程所包含的工艺。纤维纱团材料经过集束后与调配好的胶液充分浸胶，经烘干后，与依照缠绕成型件外形尺寸设计的芯模根据预定的轨迹路径进行纵向、横向或纵横向混合缠绕，缠绕的运动方向要按照缠绕时芯模上布带的受力情况进行分析设计。在缠绕过程中，纤维或预浸碳布带通过张力控制设备，使缠绕时碳布带上的张力保持不变。保持这样的稳定张力能够使得纤维束或预浸碳布带内的材料体获得较好的力学性能^[10]。得到的缠绕完成后的构件再进行固化和脱模工作，在脱模的时候还可能包含修整工艺，以使得缠绕成型件的规格尺寸达到预先设计的值。在某些情况还需要对表面进行除糙和涂漆，这样才能得到最终的缠绕成型制品。