摘 要

（3）绘制图纸量折合不少于3张1～2＃图纸。

（4）制作PowerPoint，进行答辩。

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摘要

本次设计的是MQ4050单臂架门座起重机人字架结构，主要内容为起重机总体设计和人字架结构设计，在设计的过程中，查阅了相关的起重机设计资料和起重机文献，了解并运用了最新的起重机设计方法，以保证设计的起重机能够与时俱进，更加满足现代化港口的需求。

在进行总体设计时，主要工作有确定起重机主要参数，根据相关参数设计出臂架长度，并对得到的相应数据进行校核，以保证设计的尺寸满足要求。验算货物不平衡力矩，臂架系统平衡校核，计算风载荷和各个工况下的轮压，整体稳定性校核等等工作，运用正确的计算方法并计算出准确的数据，以保证设计出的起重机相关参数满足要求。

在进行结构设计时，运用SolidWorks软件进行三维建模，同时运用ANSYS软件对人字架结构进行了力学结构的分析，得到相应的数据后验算人字架结构的强度和刚度，以确保结构设计的准确性和可靠性，使得整个起重机的设计更加完善。

整个设计的过程中，每组数据都是经过准确的计算得到，保证设计出的起重机能够满足实际应用的需求。参考实际工程情况设计出人字架结构，并对人字架结构进行了校核，确保了各个方面都能满足需求。

关键词：起重机；人字架；结构设计

Abstract

The design of MQ4050 single arm rack door seat derrick frame structure, main content for the design of crane and herringbone frame structure design, in the design process, access to the related to the crane design data and crane literature to understand and use the latest method of crane design, to ensure that the design of the crane to keep pace with the times, and more to meet the needs of modern port.

In the overall design, the main work is to determine the main parameters of the crane, according to the parameters of the design of the length of the arm, and the corresponding data to be checked to ensure that the size of the design to meet the requirements. Checking the goods balance torque, jib system balance checking calculation wind load and under various conditions of wheel pressure, overall stability checking and so on, using correct calculation method and calculate the accurate data, to ensure that meet the requirements of parameters relevant to the design of the crane.

In structure design, using SolidWorks 3D modeling, also uses the ANSYS software of herringbone frame of structural mechanics analysis, corresponding data obtained after calculation of herringbone frame strength and stiffness, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the structural design, the design of the whole crane more perfect.

In the process of the whole design, each group of data is obtained by accurate calculation, which ensures that the design of the crane can meet the needs of practical application. Reference to practical engineering design of herringbone frame, and has carried on the examination to the A-frame structure, to ensure that all aspects can meet the demand.

Keywords: crane; derrick; structure design

目 录

1. 绪论...................................................................................................................................1

1.1 本次设计的目的和意义..................................................................................................1

1.2 本次设计所做工作..........................................................................................................1

1. 总体设计计算...................................................................................................................2

2.1 主要技术参数..................................................................................................................2

2.2 确定主要工作机构和金属结构的形式..........................................................................2

2.2.1 确定主要工作机构形式.......................................................................................3

2.2.2 确定金属结构的形式...........................................................................................3

2.3 确定臂架结构主要尺寸..................................................................................................4

2.4 吊重水平位移补偿系统的设计......................................................................................5

2.4.1 建立吊重水平位移补偿系统数学模型...............................................................5

2.5 杠杆——活对重法臂架自重平衡系统设计..................................................................9

2.5.1 建立杠杆——活对重臂架自重平衡数学模型...................................................9

2.5.2 确定臂架平衡系统相关尺寸.............................................................................11

2.6 各工作机构、金属结构的计算工况、计算载荷及载荷组合....................................16

2.6.1 额定起升载荷.....................................................................................................16

2.6.2 自重载荷.............................................................................................................16

2.6.3 动载荷.................................................................................................................16

2.6.4 风载荷.................................................................................................................18

2.7 各支腿支承反力计算公式............................................................................................25

2.8 整机抗倾覆稳定性计算................................................................................................28

2.9 本章小结........................................................................................................................30

1. 人字架结构设计.............................................................................................................31

3.1 用SolidWorks软件进行三维建模...............................................................................31

3.2 用ANSYS软件对人字架结构进行分析.....................................................................33

3.2.1 人字架结构的模型.............................................................................................33

3.2.2 人字架结构的材料.............................................................................................33

3.2.3 各种工况分析.....................................................................................................33