扑翼飞行器设计毕业论文
2022-02-06 18:57:27
论文总字数:13372字
摘 要
本文介绍了一个扑翼飞行器的设计。扑翼飞行器的机身长约20厘米,翼展为30厘米,通过尾翼来控制飞行方向。扑翼飞行器的机身主要装载了动力装置、传动装置和控制装置。动力装置由微型电机和锂电池构成,通过微型电机来为扑翼飞行器提供动力。传动装置为微型电机带动一个大齿轮,同时大齿轮和与其对称的另一个齿轮通过连杆带动机翼。连杆每上下往复运动一个来回则机翼拍动一次。控制装置控制扑翼飞行器方向,分别由两个方向舵控制飞行器的转向和升降。遥控方式通过脉冲宽度调制(PWM)进行。PWM使用的定时器为TIM1定时器,输出方波为50HZ,脉宽0.5ms-2.5m范围内。通过开发板用发射器发射信号,再由扑翼飞行器上的接收器接受信号控制舵机以此控制方向。
关键词:仿生 扑翼飞行器 无人机
Abstract:
This paper introduces the design of a flapping wing aircraft. The flapping wing aircraft's fuselage is about 20 centimeters long and has a wingspan of 30 centimeters. It controls the flight direction through the tail fin. The fuselage of flapping wing aircraft is mainly equipped with power devices, transmission devices and control devices. The power plant consists of a micro motor and a lithium battery, which provides power for a flapping wing aircraft through a micro motor. The transmission device is a large gear driven by a micro motor, while the large gear and its symmetrical gear drive the wing through a connecting rod. When the connecting rod moves back and forth, the wing flaps once. The control device controls the direction of the flapping wing vehicle, and the steering and lifting movements of the aircraft are controlled by two rudders respectively. The remote control mode is carried out by pulse width modulation (PWM). The timer used by PWM is TIM1 timer, the output square wave is 50HZ, and the pulse width is 0.5ms-2.5m. The signal is transmitted by developing the board launcher, and then the signal is controlled by the receiver on the flapping wing aircraft to control the rudder.
Key words: Bionic Flapping Wing Aircraft unmanned aerial vehicle
目录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………2
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………3
第一章 绪论
1.1扑翼飞行器的介绍……………………………………………………………………4
1.1.1扑翼式飞行器的特点…………………………………………………………4
1.2扑翼式飞行器的发展史………………………………………………………………4
1.3扑翼式飞行器的发展现状……………………………………………………………9
1.3.1国内发展现状…………………………………………………………………9
1.3.2国外发展现状…………………………………………………………………10
第二章 扑翼式飞行器的技术和原理
2.1扑翼式飞行器飞行原理………………………………………………………………11
2.2扑翼式飞行器的动力分析……………………………………………………………12
2.2.1升力的产生……………………………………………………………………12
2.2.2推力的产生……………………………………………………………………12
2.3控制原理………………………………………………………………………………13
第三章 扑翼式飞行器设计
3.1扑翼飞行器的机身结构………………………………………………………………13
3.2扑翼飞行器的机翼设计………………………………………………………………14
3.3扑翼飞行器的机械机构………………………………………………………………15
第四章 扑翼式飞行器遥控设计
4.1遥控器材和元件………………………………………………………………………15
4.2舵机控制程序…………………………………………………………………………16
总结……………………………………………………………………………………………19
参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………20
第一章 绪论
1.1扑翼飞行器的介绍
扑翼飞行器是一种通过扑翼模仿昆虫和鸟类拍打翅膀飞行的飞行器。该飞行器可以通过扑翼来提供升力与推力。研究表明这种飞行方式的效率更高并且结构较为简单能适应各种复杂的环境。扑翼飞行也是人们最初所设想出来的飞行方式。
1.1.1扑翼式飞行器的特点
飞行器分为固定翼飞行器、旋翼飞行器和扑翼飞行器。目前比较成熟飞行器是固定翼和旋翼飞行器。这两种类型的飞行器已经发展出了许多不同的型号,各项研究十分完善。但它们的适用环境的制约使得人们开始研究扑翼飞行器来代替它们用于特定场所。所以随着军事、民用科技的发展与进步,能够在更加复杂环境下工作的扑翼飞行器受到了众人的欢迎。扑翼飞行器不仅拥有旋翼飞行器原地升空、在空中悬停和能力,还具有良好的灵活性和机动性。相对于固定翼飞行器,扑翼飞行器可以如同蜂鸟一般在空中悬停,而且动力系统和控制系统结构较为简单,机械效率高。比起旋翼机,扑翼飞行器噪音小并能模仿鸟类来隐藏自身,同样可以在各种复杂环境工作。这些都表现了扑翼飞行器具有十分广阔的前景。
1.2扑翼式飞行器的发展史
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