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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 机械机电类 > 测控技术与仪器 > 正文

水面遥控船的水下声成像系统的通信功能设计毕业论文

 2021-03-16 22:48:41  

摘 要

随着人类探索的边界越来越大,足迹遍布的地方越来越多,对世界的认识越来越深刻。水下声成像作为海洋与湖泊一直是人们和科研工作者甚至是工程技术实施的重要对象,了解水下具体物质存在和地形地貌具有相当重要的意义,而作为成像的第一步采集信号一直是一个令人头疼的工作,光学探测在不清澈的水体中劣势明显,而清澈的水体又没有多大的探测意义,故声呐采集信号成了许多研究团体的宠儿,而在比较恶劣的环境下(如毒气、狭小空间等)人们不可能和采集平台一起,故需要能传输大量数据的无线通信系统,灵活的动力系统、稳定的控制系统以及数据保存系统。本文在购买的船体基础上进行改造,加上动力系统和数据采集系统和无线传输与存储,并辅助以一些遥控、显示、串口连接电脑等功能。在基于水面遥控船的水下声成像系统的通信功能设计的题目下进行了下数多个方面的研究与制作:

  1. 学习了声呐成像系统的结构和原理;
  2. 学习了stm32f103系列芯片的原理、使用、软件平台、调试工具等;
  3. 设计了随船移动的基于stm32的采集发射系统,其中有两个超声波测距

模块,1个内部温度采集模块,1个SD卡,1个L298N模块控制两个电机,一个NRF905射频模块。

  1. 设计并制作接基于stm32的接收收显示控制处理系统,一个NRF905发射与接收数据,二维的遥控手柄控制船体运动,一个TFT-LCD彩屏显示船体发过来的数据及船体的状态,一个USB传到电脑LABVIEW处理,两个按键,LED灯显示工作状态。
  2. 设计基于LABVIEW的数据收集与处理的上位机,模拟声呐数据图像处理的平台,了解和研究了声呐成像原理及算法。

关键词:stm32f103单片机;水下声成像;无线通信系统;数据保存

Abstract

As the frontiers of human exploration become more and more extensive, the footprint is more and more numerous, the knowledge of the world is becoming more and more profound. Underwater acoustic imaging as the oceans and lakes is people and the scientific research workers even engineering implementation, an important object of underwater concrete material existence and landform has quite important meaning, and as the first step of image acquisition signal is always a headache, optical detection without disadvantage obvious in the clear water, and the clear water, and there is not much detect significance, so the sonar acquisition signals became the darling of the many research groups, and in the relatively poor conditions (such as gas, narrow space, etc.) it is impossible and gathering platform together, so need to be able to transfer a large amount of data wireless communication system, flexible dynamic system, the stability of the control system and data system. In this paper, based on the purchase of hull, combined with dynamic system and data acquisition system and wireless transmission and storage, and assist to some remote control, display, serial port to connect the computer, and other functions. Under the topic of underwater acoustic imaging system based on surface remote-controlled vessels, several aspects of research and production are carried out:

(1) learning the structure and principle of sonar imaging systems;

(2)learning the principles, use, software platform, and debugging tools of stm32f103 series of chips;

(3) Design the despatch, mobile collection launch system based on stm32, there are two ultrasonic ranging module, an internal temperature acquisition module, a SD card, one L298N module control two motors, and a NRF905 rf module.

(4) Design and manufacture after receiving charge display control processing system based on stm32, including a NRF905 transmit and receive data, two-dimensional remote control handle hull motion control, a TFT - LCD color screen display of hull sent data and the state of the hull, a USB to the computer LABVIEW processing, two buttons, and the LED display working state.

(5)Based on LABVIEW data collection and processing, the platform of simulated sonar data image processing is designed to understand and study sonar imaging principles and algorithms.

窗体顶端

Key words: stm32f103 singlechip; Underwater acoustic imaging; Wireless communication system; Save the data

目 录

1 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

1.2.1无线通信技术发展及其优势 1

1.2.2常用无线通信技术的特点与实现 2

1.2.3本次通信实现采用的协议与实现 4

1.3 研究内容及方法 5

1.3.1 研究内容 5

1.3.2 研究方法 5

2 小船通信系统系统硬件的搭建 7

2.1 小船通信系统方案设计 7

2.1.1 设计内容及要求 7

2.1.2 方案设计及对比 7

2.2 采集、缓存、传输及动力系统 8

2.2.1 数据采集模块 8

2.2.2 数据缓存模块 10

2.2.3 数据传输模块 11

2.2.4 系统动力模块模块 14

2.3 控制、接收、显示、处理系统 16

2.3.1 数据接收模块 16

2.3.2 控制模块 16

2.3.3 数据显示模块 17

2.3.4 数据处理模块 19

2.4 元器件清单 19

3 系统的软件部分实现 20

3.1采集、缓存、传输及动力系统部分 20

3.1.1 采集与缓存部分软件设计 20

3.1.2 传输与动力模块软件设计 22

3.2接收、控制、显示、处理系统部分 24

3.2.1 接收与控制部分软件设计 24

3.2.2 显示与处理部分软件设计 25

4 系统调试及总结 28

4.1 通信系统测试结果 28

4.2 总结及展望 30

参考文献 31

致 谢 33

1绪论

1.1课题研究背景及意义

在海洋中,江河中,湖泊中,水下测控和打捞在各方面都有相当重要的作用和应用。其对于考古、地理研究、救援、开采资源等用途和意义重大。比如危险水域进行水下资源探测,复杂地段进行落水人员和物体的搜救和打捞,战舰上面的水下不明物的监控等等。但是我国相较于世界大国来讲这方面研究和成功还是比较落后和薄弱[1]

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