大跨连续钢桁梁柔性拱桥柔性拱施工监控研究毕业论文
2021-06-07 21:12:57
摘 要
大跨连续钢桁梁拱桥因为构造自重轻,强度好和刚度大等优势,在我国工程界已经逐渐被采纳,且获得了一定的应用。由于该桥型跨度比较大,技术创新,施工难度又大,需要高空作业量大,所以对施工监控的技术要求就高。为提高安全和保障桥梁施工质量因而需要对桥梁实施施工监控工作。在桥梁施工过程中,施工监控技术人员对设计图纸的认真分析,能有效实时找出对桥梁安全稳定有影响的各种因素,为解决桥梁施工过程中的安全隐患提供帮助。桥梁施工监控的任务就是对桥梁施工过程实施控制,保证桥梁结构在其施工的过程中其构造杆件的截面内力和变形满足结构在其容许的安全范围内,确保桥梁施工过程安全和成桥状态符合设计要求。
本文以灌河特大桥为工程背景,研究了钢桁梁柔性拱桥施工控制技术,对大桥在柔性拱施工阶段的受力性能和位移进行了计算分析,本文所做的主要工作如下:分析了钢桁梁柔性拱桥的特点和钢桁梁柔性拱桥的国内外发展状况,探讨了桥梁施工监控现状与发展;根据灌河特大桥地质及气候条件,讨论了柔性拱架设总体方案及柔性拱架设施工步骤;设计了灌河特大桥柔性拱线形及应力监测监控方案,研究探讨了柔性拱线形与应力监测方法;基于结构分析软件MIDAS,建立了桥梁有限元分析模型,计算分析了该桥柔性拱施工阶段结构控制截面内力与变形,以确保桥梁施工的质量与安全。
关键词:大跨度桥;钢桁梁柔性拱;施工监控;有限元法
Abstract
Large span continuous steel truss arch bridge, because of its light weight, good strength and stiffness, has been gradually adopted in the engineering field of our country, and it has been applied in some fields. Because of the bridge span is relatively large, technological innovation, construction difficulty is big and need to the amount of work high above the ground, so to the construction control technology requirements will be high. In order to improve the safety and guarantee the construction quality of the bridge, it is necessary to carry out the construction supervision work to the bridge. In bridge construction process, construction monitoring and technical personnel design drawings for careful analysis, can effectively and in real-time to identify safety of the bridge influences the stability of a variety of factors, help to solve the potential safety hazard in the process of bridge construction. The task of bridge construction monitoring is the construction process of the bridge construction implementation control, ensure bridge structure in the construction process of the structure of the bar section internal force and deformation to meet the structure in the admissible range safety, ensure the safety of bridge construction process and the bridge with the design requirements.
The Guanhe River Bridge as the engineering background, study the construction control technology of steel truss girder and flexible arch bridge, the construction phase in flexible arch bearing capacity and displacement were calculated and analyzed, the main works are as follows: the analysis of the development of flexible arch bridge with steel truss beam characteristics and flexible arch bridge with steel truss beam at home and abroad, discusses the current situation and development of bridge construction monitoring; irrigation River Bridge according to the geological and climatic conditions, discusses the design scheme of flexible and flexible arch construction steps; design of Guanhe River Bridge flexible arch alignment and stress monitoring scheme, research on flexible arch alignment and stress monitoring and closure method; structure analysis software based on MIDAS, a finite element analysis model of bridge, analysis and calculation of the bridge construction stage flexible arch structure control section internal force and deformation, to ensure Bridge Quality and safety of beam construction.
Key words: long span bridge; steel truss girder flexible arch; construction monitoring; finite element method
目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 钢桁梁柔性拱桥的特点 1
1.2 钢桁梁柔性拱桥的国内外发展状况 1
1.2.1 国外发展状况 1
1.2.2国内发展状况 4
1.3桥梁施工监控现状和发展 5
1.4本文主要研究内容 5
第2章 灌河特大桥概述 7
2.1 工程概述 7
2.1.1 主桥概况 7
2.1.2 大桥地基及气候条件 8
2.1.3 钢桁梁结构 9
2.2 施工过程简述 9
2.2.1 柔性拱架设总体方案 9
2.2.2 柔性拱架设施工步骤 9
2.3 本章小结 11
第3章 施工监测与监控研究 12
3.1 施工监控概述 12
3.2施工监控目的及意义 12
3.3 施工监控依据 12
3.4柔性拱线形及变形监测监控 13
3.4.1 拱轴线线形测点布置 13
3.4.2拱轴线形控制方法 13
3.4.3 拱线形监测 14
3.5 柔性拱受力监测监控 15
3.5.1内力监测测点布置 15
3.5.2弦杆截面传感器布置 16
3.5.3 应力测试方法 17
3.6本章小结 18
第4章 施工阶段计算分析 19
4.1 结构分析软件MIDAS介绍 19
4.2 桥梁有限元分析模型建立方法和原则 19
4.2.1 单元类型 19
4.2.2 节点和单元划分 19
4.2.3 荷载 19
4.2.4 边界条件 19
4.3 钢桁梁柔性拱桥柔性拱施工阶段结构控制截面内力和变形 21
(a)安装拱A15施工阶段截面内力和变形 22
(b) 安装拱A18施工阶段截面内力和变形 23
(c)安装拱A16’施工阶段截面内力和变形 24
(d)安装拱A13’施工阶段截面内力和变形 26
(e)调整合拢精度施工阶段截面内力和变形 27
(f)安装拱A12’施工阶段截面内力和变形 28
4.4 本章小结 29
第5章 全文总结及展望 30
5.1 全文总结 30
5.2 展望 30
参考文献 31
致谢 33
第1章 绪论
1.1 钢桁梁柔性拱桥的特点
钢材是一种强度高、材质均匀、各向同性的良好材料,而且具有良好的韧性、可塑性和可焊性,采用钢材修建的桥梁钢桥在各类桥型中具有很强的竞争力,凭借其轻质、高强、美观、快速及大跨的优点,钢桥往往成为修筑大跨度桥梁的首选。随着科学技术的发展,人类冶金技术的不断进步,各种优质的低合金钢纷纷研发出来,使得钢材的强度、韧性、可焊性等特点得到进一步的提高,因此在现代桥梁建设中,钢桥越来越受到桥梁设计者的青睐。钢桁梁柔性拱桥是钢桥中最为常见的一种结构形式。大跨度钢桁梁柔性拱桥的主要优点如下:
(1) 跨越能力大。钢桁梁柔性拱桥各杆件受力明确,均以轴向受拉、受压为主,再加上钢材的强度高,因此可根据各杆件的受力特点对其截面进行优化,从而节省材料并减轻结构的自重,因此可以显著提高桥梁的跨度。
(2)便于工业化制造。钢桁梁柔性拱桥的钢杆件通常是在专业化的制作工厂制作,一年四季都可制作,且加工制造速度快,质量容易得到控制,因而工业化制造程度高,这样有利于降低生产成本和提高生产效率。