论文总字数：27610字

摘 要

随着我国国民经济的蓬勃发展，特别是化学工业和制造工业的迅速发展，挥发性有机化合物VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds)的排放量不断增加，造成了我国局部区域大气复合污染。按照污染物的去向形式，目前VOCs的处理技术主要有两大类：一是浓缩回收，浓缩回收是指采用吸收，吸附，冷凝，膜分离等方法将有机废气中低浓度的挥发性有机物浓缩回收再生; 二是分解消除，分解消除是指利用光，电，热，催化剂，等离子体或微生物等作用将有机废气中低浓度的挥发性有机物彻底分解转化成水和二氧化碳等物质，从而达到去毒化的目的。在实际应用中，工业有机废气处理常用的方法有吸附法 ，吸收法， 催化燃烧法， 热力燃烧法等。其中催化燃烧法具有起燃温度低、运行稳定、净化效率高、能耗低、无二次污染、适用范围广等优点。催化燃烧法已成为当前有机废气治理研究、应用的主流和发展方向，而催化燃烧法的技术核心是高效催化剂开发与应用。近年来又出现了一些新技术，如生物法，电晕法，光分解法等离子体分解法，虽然有机废气治理技术目前已经多样化，但每种治理方法都存在一定的适用性和局限性，而且不同排放源的废气组成也千差万别。

现有VOCs催化氧化催化剂种类繁多，可分为贵金属催化剂、过渡金属催化剂和稀土金属催化剂三大类。目前VOCs催化燃烧催化剂主要以Pt、Pd、Rh等贵金属为活性组分，价格十分昂贵，且易发生遇硫、卤素中毒现象，因此，加快研发具有自主知识产权的VOCs高效廉价催化燃烧催化剂已成为国内研究者和工程技术人员的共识。

本文研究了采用堇青石蜂窝陶瓷作为载体，以过渡金属、稀土金属氧化物为第一活性组分，微量贵金属为第二活性组分，采用过量分步浸渍法制备一系列La-Cu-Co-O催化剂以及不同PdO负载量的La-Cu-Co-O/PdO催化剂，考察并比较这两种催化剂的催化燃烧活性及抗硫性能，筛选兼具优良催化活性及抗硫性能的催化剂，探讨焙烧温度、焙烧时长和贵金属负载量对催化剂催化燃烧活性和抗硫性能的影响。

关键词：有机废气; 催化燃烧；催化剂；堇青石

ABSTRACT

The emissions of volatile organic compounds VOCs( Volatile Organic Compounds) is increasing quickly with the rapid development of china’s national economy, especially the development of chemical industry and manufacturing,which has caused the regional air pollution in our country.According to the whereabouts of the pollutant form,there are two main types of VOCs processing technology:Concentration and recovery, concentration and recovery is refers to the use of absorption, adsorption, condensation, membrane separation methods organic waste gas of low concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentration and recovery regeneration; second is resolved, the decomposition elimination refers to using light, electricity, heat, catalyst, plasma or micro biological function will organic waste gas of low concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) completely decomposed into water and carbon dioxide and other substances, so as to achieve the purpose to poison.In practical application, the commonly used method of industrial organic waste gas treatment is adsorption, absorption, catalytic combustion, thermal combustion, etc.. The catalytic combustion method has the advantages of low temperature, stable operation, high purification efficiency, low energy consumption, no pollution and wide application range of two times.. Catalytic combustion has become the mainstream and developing direction of organic waste gas treatment research and application, and the technology of catalytic combustion is the development and application of high efficiency catalyst.. Has emerged in recent years, some new technologies, such as biological method, corona light decomposition method plasma decomposition method, although organic waste gas treatment has been diversified, but each method of treatment are the applicability and limitations, and different sources of emissions of exhaust gas composition also differ in thousands of ways.

There are many kinds of VOCs catalytic oxidation catalysts, which can be divided into three kinds: noble metal catalyst, metal transition metal catalyst and rare earth metal catalyst.. The VOCs catalytic combustion catalyst mainly in precious metals such as Pt, Pd and Rh as active points, are very expensive and prone to meet sulfur and halogen poisoning phenomenon. Therefore, accelerating the development of with independent intellectual property rights of VOCs is cheap and efficient catalytic combustion catalyst has become the consensus of the domestic research and engineering and technical personnel.

In this paper, we study the adopts cordierite honeycomb ceramics as the carrier, divided into the first active group to a transition metal and rare earth metal oxide, trace amount of noble metal for the second active component, the excessive use of step by step impregnation method by a series of La-Cu-Co-O catalyst and different PdO load amount of La-Cu-Co-O/PdO catalyst, investigate and compare the two catalyst for catalytic combustion activity and sulfur resistance and screening both excellent catalytic activity and sulfur resistance of the catalyst of roasting temperature, roasting time and precious metal loading on the catalysts for catalytic combustion activity and sulfur resistance to impact.

Key Words: VOCs; Catalytic combustion ；Catalyst；Cordierite

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

目 录 IV

第一章 文献综述 6

1.1 VOCs的来源与危害 6

1.1.1 VOCs的来源 6

1.1.2 VOCs的危害 6

1.1.3当前我国的工业废气治理现状 7

1.2 含VOCs废气的处理方法 8

1.2.1 吸收法 8

1.2.2 吸附法 9

1.2.3 冷凝法 9

1.2.4 膜法 10

1.2.5 直接燃烧法 10

1.2.6 催化燃烧法 10

1.2.7 光催化法 11

1.2.8 生物技术 11

1.2.9 等离子体技术 12

1.3 催化燃烧技术 12

1.3.1 催化燃烧技术介绍 12

1.3.2 催化燃烧的基本原理 13

1.3.3 催化燃烧的特点 13

1.4 催化燃烧催化剂的研究进展 14

1.4.1 催化剂的载体 14

1.4.2 催化剂的制备方法 16

1.5 课题的研究目的与研究内容 17

1.5.1 课题的研究目的及意义 17

第二章 实验部分 19

2.1 实验仪器及化学试剂 19

2.1.1 实验仪器 19

2.1.2 化学试剂 20

2.2 催化剂制备 20

2.3 催化剂的活性评价 21

2.3.1 催化剂活性评价装置 21

2.3.2 绘制标准曲线 23

2.3.3 催化剂活性评价 24

2.3.4 数据处理 24

2.4 催化剂表征 24

2.4.1 XRD表征 24

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