论文总字数：31921字

摘 要

随着水路运输的快速发展，作为重要交通枢纽的港口承担着大量的货物周转，致使进出港口航道船舶的交通密度不断增加。如何在保障港口航道通航安全的基础上，最大发挥航道的通航效率，提升港口服务效能，是交通运输工程科学领域研究的重要问题之一，而船舶安全航速标准是保障港口航道通航安全和通航效率的重要基础。

论文以船舶安全航速为研究对象，在安全航速概念辨析和影响因素分析的基础上，基于航道宽度的横向制约、航道水深的垂向限制和船舶跟驰的纵向安全距离需求，提出港口航道船舶安全航速标准的确定方法，建立最大控制航速和最小控制航速的计算模型及船舶航速范围的计算模型，并应用天津港主航道的数据进行案例分析。具体研究内容包括：

（1）通过文献查阅对比，辨析安全航速的概念；提炼安全航速的影响因素，分析安全航速影响因素之间的层级关系。

（2）基于航道宽度的横向制约，考虑船舶风流漂移，建立船舶最小控制航速计算模型；基于航速水深的垂向限制，考虑船舶下沉量，建立船舶最大控制航速计算模型；基于船舶跟驰的纵向安全间距需求，考虑船舶制动性能，建立船舶航速范围的计算模型。

（3）以天津港主航道为例，根据天津港主航道环境特征，运用提出的港口航道船舶安全航速确定方法确定天津港主航道船舶安全航速控制标准，并与天津港主航道通航标准进行对比分析。

港口航道船舶安全航速标准研究可以为港口航道通航标准的确定和修正提供理论和技术支撑，对于保障港口航道的通航安全，提升港口航道的通航效率具有重要的现实意义。

关键词：港口航道；安全航速；船舶安全间距；富裕水深；天津港

Abstract

The port is the important transportation hub, which undertakes a large number of goods turnover. With the rapid development of waterway transportation, the port leads to the increasing ship traffic density in and out of the port channel. It is one of the important topics in the field of Transportation Engineering Science to improve navigation efficiency of the channel and improve and promote service efficiency of the port on the basis of ensuring ship navigation safety. And the safe speed standard is an important basis to ensure the navigation safety and efficiency of the port channel.

This paper takes the safe speed of ships as the research object. The calculation models of maximum and minimum control speed are proposed based on the channel width and depth, and the calculation model of ship speed range is established based on the requirement of safe distance for ship following. And the data of Tianjin Port's main channel is used as a case based on the proposed models. The main contents are as following:

(1) The concept of safe speed is analyzed based on the literature comparison, then the influencing factors of safe speed and their relationship are analyzed.

(2) The calculation model of the minimum control speed of the ship is established based on the lateral restriction of the channel width and the drift caused by wind and current, and the calculation model of the maximum control speed of the ship is established based on the vertical restriction of the water depth and the ship squat. Then the calculation model of the speed range of the ship is established based on the requirement of the safe distance of the ship following and the ship braking performance.

(3) The safe speed control standard of the main channel of Tianjin Port is determined by the proposed models, which is taken as an example to show the performance of the models. And the present safe speed control standard and the calculation safe speed standard are compared.

The research on the safe speed standard of the ships in the port channel can provide theoretical and technical support for the determination and revision of the navigation standard of the port channel. And it is of great practical significance for ensuring the navigation safety of the port channel and improving the navigation efficiency of the port channel.

Key words：Port channel；Safe speed；Safety distance between ships；Under Keel Clearance；Tianjin Port

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

1.3 研究内容 2

1.4 技术路线 2

第2章 港口航道船舶航行安全航速及影响因素 5

2.1 安全航速的概念辨析 5

2.2 船舶安全航速影响因素分析 6

2.3 影响船舶安全航速因素之间的层级关系 7

2.3.1 基于ISM的层级结构建模方法 7

2.3.2 基于ISM的船舶安全航速影响因素层级结构模型构建 9

2.3.3 船舶安全航速影响因素的ISM分析 10

2.4 小结 10

第3章 港口航道船舶安全航速控制确定方法 11

3.1 航道宽度限制下的最小控制航速确定 11

3.1.1 船舶横向间距定义及影响因素 11

3.1.2 船舶安全航行所需航道宽度确定方法 11

3.1.3 最小控制航速计算方法 13

3.2 航道富裕水深限制下的最大控制航速确定 16

3.2.1 富裕水深定义及影响因素 16

3.2.2 富裕水深确定方法 19

3.2.3 最大控制航速计算方法 20

3.3 船舶纵向间距限制下的航速范围确定 20

3.3.1 船舶纵向间距定义及影响因素 20

3.3.2 船舶纵向间距确定方法 21

3.3.3 航速范围计算方法 23

3.4 小结 24

第4章 天津港主航道船舶安全航速控制标准研究 25

4.1 天津港基础资料 25

4.2 天津港主航道最小控制航速计算 25

4.3 天津港主航道最大控制航速计算 26

4.4 天津港主航道航速范围计算 26

4.5 天津港主航道安全航速标准 27

4.6 小结 27

第5章 结论 29

5.1 结论 29

5.2 展望 29

请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：31921字