摘 要

一条船舶设计出来，阻力性能的优劣是评价其性能好坏的重要指标之一。船舶阻力包括摩擦阻力和压阻力两个方面，摩擦阻力主要与船舶的湿表面积有关，压阻力又包括粘压阻力和兴波阻力，因此船舶在深水中航行的受力是十分复杂的。从目前的情况来看，还有很多关于船舶操纵性的数值问题没有得到很好的解决。例如船体之间的相互干扰，风、浪、流的作用等等。好在近一二十年来，使用计算机为工具来进行的船舶操纵模拟数值计算、对船舶进行阻力预报的技术得到了很快的发展，阻力的预测结果精度也达到了相当水平。

本文对深水中的KVLCC2船型作圆周运动的阻力性能进行了数值研究，采用的是国际上常用的求解RANS方程的方法。假定水是不可压缩的粘性流体，由于RANS方程不封闭，在本文中，采用k-ωSST湍流模型来使RANS方程封闭，进而求解船体的阻力性能。基于以上方法，本文采用商业CFD软件STAR-CCM 对KVLCC2船型进行生成六面体网格，模拟其做定常圆周运动，计算了船上的水动力，将其与已有的实验结果进行对比分析，结果一致，数值模拟方法的可行性得到了验证。

关键词：深水；圆周运动；数值模拟；粘性流

Abstract

Designing a ship, the pros and cons of resistance performance is one of the important indicators for evaluating its performance. Ship resistance includes frictional resistance and pressure resistance. The frictional resistance is mainly related to the wet surface area of the ship. Pressure resistance also includes viscous pressure resistance and wave resistance. Therefore, the force of navigation of ships in deep water is very complicated. From the current situation, there are many numerical issues concerning the maneuverability of ships that have not been well resolved. For example, mutual interference between the hulls, the role of wind, waves, and flow. Fortunately, in the past decade or two years, the use of computers as a tool for the numerical simulation of ship manoeuvring simulations and the technology for the resistance prediction of ships have developed very rapidly, and the prediction accuracy of resistance has reached a considerable level

This paper presents a numerical study of the resistance behavior of the KVLCC2 ship in circular motion in deep water, using the commonly used method for solving RANS equations in the world. Assuming that water is an incompressible viscous fluid, since the RANS equation is not closed, in this paper, the k-ωSST turbulence model is used to close the RANS equation and the resistance performance of the hull is solved. Based on the above methods, the commercial CFD software STAR-CCM is used to generate the hexahedral meshes for the KVLCC2 hull, simulates its constant circular motion, and calculates the hydrodynamic forces on the ship. The results are compared with the existing experimental results and the results are consistent. The feasibility of the numerical simulation method has been verified.

Key words：deep water；circular motion；numerical simulation；viscous flo

目 录

摘要.............................................................................................................................................Ⅰ

Abstract........................................................................................................................................Ⅱ

第一章 绪论................................................................................................................................1

1.1研究的目的及意义........................................................................................................1

1.2CFD的研究概况及应用情况..........................................................................................2

1.3本论文的研究工作........................................................................................................2

第二章 建立模型以及相关理论................................................................................................4

2.1物理问题的描述............................................................................................................4

2.2理论依据........................................................................................................................4

2.2.1流体动力学控制方程.........................................................................................4

2.2.2湍流模型.............................................................................................................5

2.2.3边界条件.............................................................................................................6

2.3几何模型........................................................................................................................7

第三章 CFD软件的数值计算.....................................................................................................9

3.1网格生成的基本步骤和要求........................................................................................9

3.1.1网格生成的基本步骤.........................................................................................9

3.1.2网格生成的要求.................................................................................................9

3.2网格依赖性分析...........................................................................................................10

3.2.1基本方法与思想................................................................................................10

3.2.2直航计算域选取................................................................................................10

3.2.3直航的边界条件................................................................................................11

3.2.4网格依赖性分析结果........................................................................................11

3.3回转试验.......................................................................................................................11

3.3.1计算域的选取....................................................................................................11

3.3.2网格生成与重叠网格........................................................................................12

3.3.3回转试验的边界条件设置................................................................................14

3.3.4求解步骤..........................................................................................................14