摘 要

传承人不仅是传统武术发展的根基，而且是武术传承的主体。然而，随着社会变迁，传统武术遭受到了空前的打击，其发展面临极大的困境，随之而来的是武术传承人的不断流失，许多武术流派种类均随着一代武术传承人的死亡而湮灭，博大精深的传统武术中的许多分支流失。作为我国国粹，武术的发展对中华民族传统文化的发展影响巨大。文化是由人所创造的，人才是武术发展的核心，以人为本才是武术传承的正确走向，而现如今作为本的传承人的流失已成为一个问题，亟待解决，因此，对于武术传承人流失问题的研究是必要的。

本文依据管理学理论，探讨传承人流失问题，运用双因素理论分析影响武术传承人传承行为的激励和保健因素。我们发现，保健方面，首先，武术传承的大环境变迁，当今的政治、经济、社会、文化因素已不再有利于武术的传承，并且提出了新的挑战，武术失去了滋养的沃土；其次，从经济利益上考量，武术带给传承人的收入不足以支撑其传承，迫于生计许多传承人转行；第三，师徒式的教育被现代的应试教育所取代，加之传承人之间交流的匮乏，传统武术在传承过程中变质，失去了原有的独特内涵；激励方面，首先，传统武术内涵的缺失、缺乏外在的激励，武术带给传承人的成就感不足；其次，武术的发展现状堪忧，传承，已不是人们成长的最佳选择；最后，武术传承与个人发展断层，难以促进个人发展。传统武术传承人的流失在于保健措施和激励措施双方的不到位。

本文建议，要解决传承人流失问题，必须从保健和激励两方面入手，在经济、政策、法律、制度、教育、文化、意识、宣传方面加以改善，提供社会支持，提高社会认同，才是解决之道。

关键词：传统武术；传承人流失 ；双因素理论

Abstract

Inheritance as the foundation of martial arts heritage and development, in the development of martial arts is essential. However, with the social changes, the traditional martial arts suffered an unprecedented blow, its development is facing a great dilemma, followed by the continuous loss of martial arts inheritors, many martial arts genre with the generation of martial arts inheritance death The loss of many branches of traditional martial arts. As one of the most important components of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, the loss of martial arts has a great influence on the development of traditional culture. Culture is created by people, talent is the core of the development of martial arts, people-oriented is the correct direction of martial arts heritage, and now as the loss of the inheritance of this has become a problem, need to be resolved, therefore, for the loss of martial arts heritage The study is necessary.

This paper starts from the perspective of business administration, discusses the issue of the loss of inheritors, and analyzes the incentive and health factors influencing the inheritance behavior of martial arts by using the two-factor theory. We have found that health care, first of all, the great changes in the inheritance of martial arts, today's political, economic, social and cultural factors are no longer conducive to the transmission of martial arts, and put forward new challenges, martial arts lost the fertile soil; From the economic interests of the study, martial arts to the inheritance of income is not enough to support its heritage, forced by many inheritors transfer; third, mentoring education is replaced by modern examination-oriented education, coupled with the communication between the successor The lack of external martial arts, the lack of external incentives, martial arts to bring the success of the inheritance sense; secondly, the development of martial arts, the development of martial arts, the development of traditional martial arts, The status quo, heritage, is not the best choice for people to grow; Finally, martial arts heritage and personal development of the fault, it is difficult to promote personal development. Wushu inheritance of health care is not enough, lack of incentives, the successor will continue to drain.

Therefore, to solve the problem of loss of inheritors, we must start from the health and incentive aspects, in the economy, policy, law, system, education, culture, awareness, publicity to improve, provide social support, improve social identity, is the solution Road.

Keywords: Traditional martial arts; inheritance loss; two - factor theory目录

摘 要

Abstract

第1章 绪论

1.1研究的目的与意义

1.2国内外相关研究综述

1.3概念界定

1.3.1传统武术

1.3.2传承人

1.4理论基础

1.5研究的主要内容

第2章 传统武术传承人流失问题现状

2.1个人陈述

2.2总结分析

2.3传承人现状

第3章 传统武术传承人流失问题的形成因素

3.1 保健因素

3.1.1经济环境

3.1.2政治环境

3.1.3文化环境

3.1.4社会环境

3.1.5薪金水平

3.1.6与教学人的关系

3.2 激励因素

3.2.1福利待遇

3.2.2武术学习成就感

3.2.3武术发展与个人发展

第4章 传统武术传承人流失问题的解决措施

4.1保健措施

4.1.1武术产业发展

4.1.2政策支持

4.1.3法律保护

4.1.4文化回归

4.1.5社会保障制度

4.1.6改变教育方式

4.2激励措施

4.2.1建立武术传承工作的物质激励机制

4.2.2提高全民武术文化传承意识

4.2.3拓宽个人发展渠道

第5章 结论与展望

参考文献

附录

附录一

访谈提纲

后 记

第1章 绪论

1.1研究的目的与意义

千年传承的武术文化在当今社会转型的关键时期，并没有抓住时代的潮流，反而面临着巨大的问题，尤其是在西方强势文化入侵之下，传统武术的发展逐渐式微。传统武术在现代社会的转变主要表现为传承人流失、传承方式转变、传承内容异化。在这些问题中，传统武术传承人流失值得一提。作为我国传统武术的主要传承方式，师徒传承传承的不仅仅只是技能，还包含着其中所蕴含的文化内涵、思想观念，因此，传统武术得以完整保留和传承，而今，传统武术的传承方式正逐渐转变为以经济利益为导向的学校教育、俱乐部、社团、培训等新的方式，使得武术趋向商业化，失去了本有的内在，年轻人普遍地表现出对武术的漠视，武术传承人正在逐渐流失，武术传承面临危机。必须对武术加以重视，研究武术是必要而有意义的。

本文旨在通过对传统武术所面临的传承人流失问题的深入剖析，并结合理论的指导，从而找出问题的症结所在，对症下药，为武术传承人流失问题的解决提供一个参考。