摘 要

我国《刑事诉讼法》规定的三种不起诉，只有酌定不起诉体现了起诉裁量权的原理和精神，可以承载审查起诉阶段程序分流的重要功能。但司法实践中酌定不起诉的适用存在很大争议。本文通过对酌定不起诉条件的“情节轻微”认定标准研究分析，结合目前司法判例以及国外相关领域制度的发展状况，总结可供我国立法和法律监督借鉴的经验，提出个人观点。

本文通过研究我国不起诉制度的发展历史及现状，对“犯罪情节轻微”的含义和适用范围，国内外立法趋势、主要存在的问题等进行了分析，从理论和实务的角度出发，给出了对“犯罪情节轻微”的具体认定标准，具有一定参考价值。

研究结果表明：出于作出不予起诉决定应遵循的必要性、正当性、审慎性、适当性考量，被告人态度及心理状态、预防犯罪的目的、法定从宽情节、通过非诉途径转处、诉讼经济、公共利益原则、比例原则和平等原则是检察官运用起诉裁量权据以认定“犯罪情节轻微”，进而做出酌定不起诉决定需要着重考虑的几个重要因素。

本文的特色：从司法实践中的问题出发，立足于理论研究和现实情况，多角度较全面地对酌定不起诉中“犯罪情节轻微”的认定标准做出了分析，并且结合有重大社会影响的案例辅以说明。

关键词：酌定不起诉；起诉裁量权；处罚必要性；犯罪情节轻微。

Abstract

The provisions of China's "criminal procedural law" the three kinds of non prosecution, only non prosecution embodies the principle and spirit of prosecution discretion, can carry the important function of the stage of review and prosecution procedure division. But in the judicial practice the application of discretional non prosecution is disputable. Based on the non prosecution conditions of "minor" standards of research and analysis, combined with the current situation of judicial precedent and foreign related system development, summed up the experience of legislation and legal supervision for reference in our country, puts forward some personal views.

In this paper, the research history and current situation of non prosecution system in China, the "minor crime" of the meaning and scope of the legislative trend at home and abroad, the main problems are analyzed, starting from the perspective of theory and practice, given to "the standard minor crime", which has a certain reference value.

The results show that: out of necessity, make the decision not to prosecute should follow the legitimacy, prudent and appropriate considerations, the defendant attitude and psychological status, the purpose of crime prevention, legal lenient circumstances, through non litigation, litigation economy, ways to turn the public interest principle, the proportion principle and the principle of equality is the use of prosecutors the discretion of prosecution according to the facts of "minor crime", and then make a non prosecution need to consider several important factors.

The characteristics of this paper: starting from the problems in the judicial practice, based on the theory and the reality of the situation, a comprehensive multi angle of non prosecution in "minor crime" standards to make the analysis, and combining the case with a major social impact of the show.

Key Words：Non prosecution system; Prosecutorial discretion; Necessity of criminal punishment; The circumstances of the crime were minor.

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.1.1 研究的缘起 1

1.1.2 研究的意义 3

1.2国内外立法综述 5

1.2.1 国际立法现状 5

1.2.2 国内立法解读 7

第2章 我国酌定不起诉制度概述 9

2.1 对核心概念的理解 9

2.1.1 “情节轻微”的含义 9

2.1.2 与“情节显著轻微”的区别 9

2.2 我国不起诉制度概况 10

2.2.1 历史发展 10

2.2.2 适用现状 11

2.2.3 立法目的与价值 12

2.2.4 法律效力与地位 13

2.3 酌定不起诉存在的问题 14

2.3.1 认定标准模糊适用 14

2.3.2 适用条件存在争议 15

2.3.3 制约途径不足以捍卫起诉法定主义 17

第3章 “情节轻微”的认定标准 19

3.1 认定“情节轻微”的必要性 19

3.1.1 预防犯罪的目的 19

3.1.2 是否具备法定从宽情节 20

3.2 认定“情节轻微”的正当性 21

3.2.1 通过非诉途径转处 21

3.2.2 是否有利于诉讼经济 22

3.3 认定“情节轻微”的审慎性 23

3.3.1 公共利益原则 23

3.3.2 比例原则与平等原则 24

3.4 认定“情节轻微”的适当性 25

3.4.1 被害人的参与 25

3.4.2 犯罪嫌疑人的态度 26

第4章 结语 27

参考文献 28

第1章 绪论