城市主干道绿波带设计毕业论文
2022-02-14 20:15:45
论文总字数:54312字
摘 要
先进的城市交通是一个现代化城市的核心,如何能够有效地疏导流量,不产生拥堵是现代交通不得不面对的问题。传统疏导车流量的措施是扩建道路,增加公共汽车数量,增开地铁,俢立高架桥等,虽然达到的效果很明显,但成本也非常高,有的还需进行拆迁工作,工程量太大,采用绿波带则可有效的缓解交通压力。
本文首先对绿波带技术的意义和绿波带相关技术的发展进行了讨论,接着分析了绿波带设计所涉及的三大技术。然后对各个关键模块进行了分析,选择了主要集成芯片,确定硬件框图,设计了硬件原理图。紧接着是确立编程思路,编写程序代码,进行电路的制作及软件调试的相关工作。最后讨论了系统的误差处理,以及设计的改进。
本文设计了基于城市主干道绿波带的控制电路,在两个路口间实现绿波功能。实验证明,结果符合各项要求,电路运行正常,实现了绿波带控制的目的。
关键词:单片机 绿波带 城市交通 无线传输
The Design of Green Belt in Urban Main Road
Abstract
Urban traffic is the core of a modern city, how to divert traffic effectively, and how to produce less congestion are the problem that a modern traffic must to face. The traditional measures to ease traffic flow are to expand roads, increase the number of buses, and increase the subway. The effect is obvious, but the cost is very high. Some need to remove the house and the project is too large. However, the green belt can effectively alleviate traffic pressure.
In this paper, the significance of green band technology and the development of green belt related technology are discussed. Then, the three technologies involved in green band are analyzed in the paper. Then analyzing each key module, selecting the main integrated chip, determining the hardware block diagram and designing the hardware schematic diagram are introduced in the paper. Followed by the establishment of programming ideas, the preparation of program code, the production of the circuit and software debugging related work. Finally, the paper describes the error processing and future design improvements.
In this paper, the control circuit that based on the green belt of the urban trunk road is designed. In addition, the green wave function is realized between the two intersections.In the graduation project, experiments demostrate that the results meet the requirements and the circuit is running normally. Therefore, in the graduation project, the purpose of green band control is achived.
Key Words : Single-chip ;Green belt ; Urban traffic ; Wireless transmission
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 设计背景和意义 1
1.2 目前相关技术的发展情况 1
1.3 本文的安排 2
第二章 关键技术论证 3
2.1 无线传输 3
2.1.1 2.4G NRF24L01无线传输 3
2.1.2 蓝牙无线传输 4
2.1.3 红外无线传输 4
2.1.4 无线传输方案选择 5
2.2 监测车流量 5
2.2.1 红外光电传感器E18-D50NK检测 5
2.2.2 URF04超声波感应法 5
2.2.3 视频监控图像分析法 6
2.2.4 方案选择 6
2.3 绿波带相位控制算法 6
2.3.1 图解法 6
2.3.2 半周期红绿灯方案替代法 7
2.3.3方案选择 7
第三章 硬件设计 8
3.1 总体硬件电路框图设计 8
3.2关键模块设计 9
3.2.1单片机主控模块 9
3.2.2 数码管交通灯显示模块 10
3.2.3 车流量检测及无线通信模块 12
3.2.4 分压模块 14
3.2.5 总电路图 15
第四章 软件设计 16
4.1 程序总体流程图 16
4.2 绿波带图解法分析 18
4.3 具体程序功能要求和设计 23
4.3.1 初始化 23
4.3.2 车流量监测程序设计 24
4.3.3 无线传输程序设计 24
4.3.4 数码管显示程序设计 27
第五章 电路制作与调试 29
5.1 电路制作 29
5.2调试 30
第六章 作品验收及未来展望 32
6.1作品验收 32
6.2未来展望 32
结 语 33
参考文献 34
致 谢 36
附录1 原理图 37
附录2 PCB图 38
附录3 验收图及实物图 39
附录4 元器件清单 40
附录5 程序代码 41
第一章 绪 论
1.1 设计背景和意义
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