论文总字数：20564字

摘 要

随着核电技术的应用和发展，核电的使用安全性相对的提高，世界上许多国家开始大规模的将核电站投入到日常的使用中，核电在能源发展和利用上开始扮演着重要的角色,推动世界经济的发展，因而核电站安全运行是我国核能发展所面临的重要问题。低浓度硼酸溶液被广泛应用在核电站的冷却系统中作为的冷却液，由水泥基材料浇筑的冷却池长期储存硼酸溶液。近些年来，许多核电站出现由于硼酸侵蚀所导致渗漏现象，硼酸对水泥基材料性能研究成为核电领域尤为关注的一个重要问题。

本文针对水泥基材料在硼酸溶液浸泡下对性能产生的影响，开展了一项实验计划。通过人工模拟硼酸环境来加快反应速度的措施,对硼酸溶液浸泡条件下的水泥基材料性能进行了试验研究并且对相关性能进行表征，取得主要结论如下：

（1）水泥基材料的显微硬度会随硼酸溶液浓度的增大而下降；

（2）硼酸会使水泥基材料发生膨胀，高浓度硼酸溶液养护的水泥基材料膨胀尤为明显；

（3）在20℃的养护条件下，硼酸浓度对水泥基材料的抗压强度影响不大；在70℃的养护条件下，随着硼酸浓度的增高混凝土试件的抗压强度出现了下降。

关键词：硼酸 水泥基材料 腐蚀 基本性能

Effect of Boric Acid on Properties of Cement-based Materials

Abstract

With the application and development of nuclear power technology, the safety of nuclear power has been relatively improved. Many countries in the world have begun to put nuclear power plants into daily use on a large scale. Nuclear power plays an important role in energy development and utilization. The development of the world economy and the safe operation of nuclear power plants are important issues facing the development of nuclear energy in China. The low-concentration boric acid solution is widely used as a cooling liquid in a cooling system of a nuclear power plant, and a boric acid solution is stored for a long time by a cooling pool poured by a cement-based material. In recent years, many nuclear power plants have experienced leakage due to boric acid attack. The research on the performance of boric acid on cement-based materials has become an important issue in the field of nuclear power.

In this paper, an experimental plan was carried out for the effect of cement-based materials on the performance of boring in boric acid solution. By artificially simulating the boric acid environment to accelerate the reaction rate, the performance of cement-based materials under the immersion condition of boric acid solution was studied and the related properties were characterized. The main conclusions were as follows:

(1) The microhardness of the cement-based material decreases as the concentration of the boric acid solution increases;

(2) Boric acid will cause the expansion of cement-based materials, and the expansion of cement-based materials cured by high-concentration boric acid solution is particularly obvious;

(3) Under the curing condition of 20℃, the concentration of boric acid has little effect on the compressive strength of cement-based materials; under the curing condition of 70℃, the compressive strength of concrete specimens decreases with the increase of boric acid concentration.

Key Words： Boric acid; Cement based material; Corrosion; Basic properties

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 水泥基材料耐久性研究现状 1

1.2.1 国内外水泥基材料耐久性劣化状况 2

1.2.2 国内外水泥基材料耐久性研究动态 3

1.3 硼酸对水泥基材料性能的影响研究现状 3

1.4 硼酸侵蚀水泥基材料的机理 4

1.5 课题的内容与意义 5

1.5.1 研究目的与意义 5

1.5.2 主要研究内容 5

第二章 原材料和试验方法 7

2.1 原材料 7

2.1.1 水泥 7

2.1.2 骨料 7

2.1.3 粉煤灰 7

2.1.4 外加剂、水及其他材料 7

2.2 试件尺寸及制备 8

2.2.1 净浆试件 8

2.2.2 混凝土试件 9

2.3 实验仪器及设备 10

2.4 试验过程 10

2.4.1 准备阶段 10

2.4.2 硼酸养护阶段 11

2.4 试验方法及操作步骤 13

2.4.1 X射线衍射试验 13

2.4.2 显微硬度试验 13

2.4.3 质量损失试验 13

2.4.4 抗压强度试验 14

2.4.5 变形试验 14

第三章 实验结果与分析 16

3.1 X射线衍射试验分析 16

3.2 显微硬度试验分析 22

3.3 质量变化试验分析 23

3.4 变形试验分析 25

3.5 抗压强度试验分析 26

第四章 结论与展望 28

4.1 结论 28

4.2 展望 28

参考文献 30

致 谢 32

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