摘 要

MXene材料是目前应用比较广泛的储能材料之一，可作为新的电极材料。二维层状MXene材料与石墨烯有着相似结构，其最主要的优点是比表面积大、强度高、质量轻，而且导电性及柔韧性也比较好，被视作极具潜力的电池负极材料。而且其在其他领域也有着广泛的应用，例如在催化、储氢、传感器和增强基复合材料等等。本文主要是通过MXene材料来探究制备Nb₂C材料，随后再制备Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆二维复合材料，其可以在应用在光催化领域，最后通过使用XRD、SEM、XPS等相关测试方法来分析其结构与性能。

MXene材料在电化学方面的研究已经十分广泛，但是由于发现其还具有优异的电子传导性和丰富的暴露的金属位点，因此MXene材料在光催化领域也具有很大的潜力，是一种优秀的助催化剂材料。而且MXene材料的特殊的光热转换特性可以有效的提高催化剂的活性，提高反应的速率。

本研究主要是通过研究MXene材料的相关性能来制备复合材料，关于MXene材料的一些独特性能已经得到了众多科学家的广泛的研究，而本文主要首先是通过使用化学溶液法来刻蚀MAX相，得到MXene材料，最后与Bi₂WO₆进行复合。最终得到的复合材料具有2D/2D异质结，这种独特的结构可以极大地改善光致电荷载体在异质结界面上的转移和分离，可以有效增强CO₂的吸附能力以及载流子分离能力。

本文主要是探究Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆的制备工艺，而以往常用的助催化剂都是贵金属助催化剂，这些贵金属助催化剂虽然能显著提高光的催化效率，但是贵金属常常价格昂贵且比较稀缺，而本研究最后得到的Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆可以很好的促进其广泛使用，对于提高光催化剂对CO₂还原有重要意义。

关键词：MAX；MXene材料；刻蚀；二维材料；制备工艺

Abstract

MXene material is one of the most widely used energy storage materials. It can be used as a new electrode material. The two-dimensional layered MXene material has a similar structure to graphene. The main advantages are large specific surface area, high strength, light weight, and electrical conductivity and flexibility are also better, and are considered as potential battery negative materials. And it has a wide range of applications in other areas, such as catalysis, hydrogen storage, sensors and reinforced composites. This paper mainly uses MXene materials to explore the preparation of Nb₂C materials, and then prepare Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆ two-dimensional composite materials, which can be applied in the field of photocatalysis, and finally analyze the structure and properties by using XRD, SEM, XPS and other related test methods.

MXene materials have been extensively studied in electrochemistry. Due to their excellent electron conductivity and abundant exposed metal sites, MXene materials have great potential in photocatalysis and are excellent. Cocatalyst material. Moreover, the special photothermal conversion characteristics of MXene materials can effectively increase the activity of the catalyst and increase the reaction rate.

This topic is mainly to study the related properties of MXene materials to prepare composite materials. Some unique properties of MXene materials have been extensively studied by many scientists, and this paper mainly uses the chemical solution method to etch MAX phase. The MXene material is finally compounded with Bi₂WO₆. The resulting composite has a 2D/2D heterojunction. This unique structure can greatly improve the transfer and separation of the photo-charge carrier at the heterojunction interface, and can effectively enhance the CO₂ adsorption capacity and carrier separation ability.

This paper mainly explores the preparation process of Nb2C / Bi2WO6. Previously used cocatalysts are noble metal promoters. Although these precious metal promoters can significantly improve the catalytic efficiency of light, precious metals are often expensive and scarce, but the last one obtained in this paper Nb2C / Bi2WO6 can promote its wide use, and it is important to improve the photocatalyst for CO2 reduction.This paper mainly explores the preparation process of Nb2C / Bi2WO6. Previously used cocatalysts are noble metal promoters. Although these precious metal promoters can significantly improve the catalytic efficiency of light, precious metals are often expensive and scarce, but the last one obtained in this paper Nb2C / Bi2WO6 can promote its wide use, and it is important to improve the photocatalyst for CO2 reduction.This paper mainly explores the preparation process of Nb2C / Bi2WO6. Previously used cocatalysts are noble metal promoters. Although these precious metal promoters can significantly improve the catalytic efficiency of light, precious metals are often expensive and scarce, but the last one obtained in this paper Nb2C / Bi2WO6 can promote its wide use, and it is important to improve the photocatalyst for CO2 reduction.窗体顶端

窗体底端

This paper mainly explores the preparation process of Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆. Previously used cocatalysts are noble metal promoters. Although these precious metal promoters can significantly improve the catalytic efficiency of light, precious metals are often expensive and scarce, but the last one obtained in this paper Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆ can promote its wide use, and it is important to improve the photocatalyst for CO₂ reduction.

Key Words：MAX；MXene material；Etching；Two-dimensional material；Preparation Process

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 MXene概述 1

1.2 MXene的研究进展 1

1.2.1 MAX的简介 1

1.2.2 MXene的性能 2

1.2.3 MXene材料的制备 3

1.3 MXene的应用 5

1.3.1 MXene的储能应用 5

1.3.2 MXene的催化应用 7

1.3.3 MXene的储氢应用 7

1.3.4 MXene的其他应用 7

1.4 研究的内容和意义 8

1.4.1 研究目的与内容 8

1.4.2 研究的意义 8

第2章 实验和表征 9

2.1 实验原料、设备及仪器 9

2.1.1实验原料 9

2.1.2 实验设备 9

2.2原料Nb₂AlC烧结制备与表征 9

2.2.1 放电等离子烧结Nb₂AlC 9

2.2.2 Nb₂AlC的表征 11

2.3 材料的表征方法 12

2.3.1 X射线衍射测试（XRD） 12

2.3.2 扫描电子显微测试（SEM） 12

2.3.3 光电子能谱测试（XPS） 12

第3章 制备Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆二维复合材料 13

3.1 以LiF/HCl为刻蚀剂制备Nb₂C 13

3.2 Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆二维复合材料的合成 13

3.3 Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆的XRD分析 13

3.4 Nb₂C/Bi₂WO₆的SEM分析 14