论文总字数：20192字

摘 要

水凝胶是由高分子、小分子聚集体通过物理或者化学结合力形成的三维网络结构，在网络内部的空隙中充满水。作为一种独特的软材料在作为生物医用材料等领域得到广泛应用。现有开发出的水凝胶普遍力学强度低，溶胀性能较差，同时非共价交联制备的具有自愈合性质的水凝胶普遍力学强度不够高使自愈合水凝胶的应用受到很大限制。

将无机纳米材料添加到水凝胶中不但有可能提高水凝胶的机械强度,同时还能赋予凝胶特殊的功能。利用双网络技术提高水凝胶的力学强度也得到广泛的认可和研究。

窗体顶端

本论文以黏土为交联剂通过非共价键交联方法合成了高强度无机黏土（XLG）/聚丙烯酸钠（ASAP）/聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）互穿网络纳米复合水凝胶并对纳米复合凝胶的结构、力学性能、溶胀性能、染料吸附性能等进行了表征研究。

研究发现，凝胶中黏土作为交联点形成聚丙烯酰胺第一交联网络，带有负电荷的ASAP和边缘带正电荷的黏土通过正负电荷相互作用形成第二交联网络，这大大提高了纳米复合凝胶的力学强度，添加很少量的ASAP，即可通过肉眼观测和通过力学性能测试获悉纳米复合凝胶力学强度的改善。另外，通过添加高吸水性聚合物ASAP，纳米复合凝胶的溶胀性能得到了大大提高，同时纳米复合凝胶显示出对带正电染料有趣的吸附性能。

窗体顶端

关键词：非共价键 纳米复合 超分子聚合物水凝胶

Preparation,properties and structure of non-covalently cross-linked supermolecular hydrogel

ABSTRACT

Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer, which is chemically or physically cross-linked by Macromolecule and micromolecule aggregation, that contain a large amount of water inside. As a kind of unique soft material, hydrogels have been widely used in biomedical materials and so on. However, the existing developed hydrogels generally have thedisadvantages of mechanical strength weakness and poor swelling performance. What is more, the use of some self-sealing hydrogels, which are composed of polymer networswith covalent bonding, have been severely limited because of its mechanical strength weakness.

The addness of the inorganic nanomaterials into the hydrogels is not only possible to increase the hydrogels’s mechanical strength, but also to create some special functions for hydrogels. The use of double network technology to improve the mechanical strength of the hydrogels have been widely accepted and researched.

In this paper, a new kind of double network nanocomposite hydrogel, based on the sodium polyacrylate (ASAP) and the polyacrylamide (PAM), cross-linked by non-covalent inorganic Clay (XLG), was synthesized. Some characterization Studies have been carriedon, such as the structure、the mechanical property、the swelling property and the dye adsorption performance of the hydrogels.

The main results obtained are as following, clay XLG as a crosslinking point develops the first cross-linked polyacrylamide network, and negatively charged ASAP interact with the positively charged clay to form the second crosslinked network through positive and negative charge, which greatly improve the mechanical performance of the XLG/ASAP/PAM gel. Through adding asmallamount of ASAP to the XLG/ASAP/PAM gel, we can observe the mechanical strength improvement of the XLG/ASAP/PAM gel by mechanical testing and visual inspection.

By adding super-absorbent polymer ASAP, the swelling properties of nanocomposite gel has been greatly improved, while the nanocomposite gel shows interesting adsorption properties to the positively charged dyes.

Key Words: non-covalent bonds; nanocomposite;supermolecular; polymer hydrogel

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

目录 III

第一章 绪论 1

1.1超分子化学概况 1

1.2水凝胶的分类 2

1.3水凝胶的合成 4

1.4水凝胶的应用 5

1.5 智能凝胶的研究进展 8

第二章 课题背景及思路 10

2.1课题背景 10

2.2 本课题思路 11

第三章 水凝胶的合成及其性能表征 12

3.1原料与试剂 12

3.2 水凝胶的制备 12

3.3 性能分析 13

第四章 实验结果与分析 15

4.1 红外光谱 15

4.2 射线衍射 18

4.2 溶胀测定 19

4.2 吸附测定 20

4.2 力学性能 21

结 论 23

参考文献 24

致 谢 26

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