论文总字数：18287字

摘 要

目前，塑料制品主要运用在包装方面，而包装中运用最多的是食品包装。各种各样的食品对包装内氧气含量的要求，使得吸氧剂的研究非常具有前景。本课题研究的是可用于PET包装中使用的吸氧剂，旨在通过加入吸氧剂提高PET的阻隔性。

本文研究的吸氧剂是聚丁二烯类的吸氧剂，主要是端羟基聚丁二烯吸氧剂，采用的方法一是用氢氧化钠溶液对蒙脱土进行羟基化改性，然后用TDI对蒙脱土和端羟基聚丁二烯进行接枝改性，二是直接用TDI对气相二氧化硅和端羟基聚丁二烯进行接枝改性。用傅立叶红外光谱仪和热重分析仪对制得的吸氧剂粉料进行了测试和表征，选择了表面羟基更多，接枝效果更佳的SiO₂-TDI-HTPB吸氧剂与PET共混挤出。对挤出的料粒进行压片，然后用扫描电子显微镜和压差法气体渗透仪进行测试和表征，测得接枝改性的吸氧剂加入到PET之后使得渗透系数从纯PET的8.650×10^-15(cm³·cm)/(cm²·s·Pa)降到8.065×10^-15(cm³·cm)/(cm²·s·Pa)，且通过扫描电镜可观察到加入接枝改性的吸氧剂后，PET与填料的相容性提高，但效果还没达到我们的预期。

关键词：吸氧剂 阻隔 端羟基聚丁二烯 二氧化硅 蒙脱土

Study on Preparation of Polybutadiene Oxygen Absorbing Agent

Abstract

At present, plastic products are mainly used in packaging, and food packaging is the most used in packaging. Various food requirements for oxygen content in packaging make oxygen absorber research very promising. This study aimed to study oxygen absorbers that can be used in PET packaging to improve the oxygen permeability of PET from both active and passive aspects, thereby improving barrier properties.

The oxygen absorbing agent studied in this paper is a polybutadiene oxygen absorbing agent, mainly a hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene oxygen absorbing agent. The first method is to hydroxylate the montmorillonite with sodium hydroxide solution, and then Grafting modification of montmorillonite and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene by TDI, and grafting modification of fumed silica and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene directly by TDI. The prepared oxygen absorbent powder was tested and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and thermogravimetric analyzer. The SiO₂-TDI-HTPB oxygen absorber with more surface hydroxyl groups and better grafting effect was selected and blended with PET. The extruded pellets were tableted and then tested and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and differential pressure gas permeation. After adding PET to PET, the permeability coefficient decreased from 8.650×10^-15(cm³·cm)/(cm²·s·Pa)to 8.065×10^-15(cm³·cm)/(cm²·s·Pa). and graft modification was observed by scanning electron microscopy. After the oxygen absorber, the compatibility of PET and filler increased, but the effect has not yet reached our expectations.

Key words:oxygen absorber;blocking;hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene;silica;montmorillonite

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题背景 1

1.2 国内外研究进展 1

1.3 PET概述 2

1.3.1 PET简介 2

1.3.2 PET的应用 3

1.4 提高PET阻隔性方法 3

1.4.1 被动提高阻隔性 3

1.4.2 主动提高阻隔性 4

1.5 聚丁二烯概述 4

1.5.1 聚丁二烯简介 4

1.5.2 聚丁二烯类吸氧剂 5

1.6 本课题工作方法和意义 6

1.6.1 改性方法 6

1.6.2选题意义 7

第二章 实验部分 9

2.1 实验原料 9

2.2 实验仪器及设备 9

2.3 吸氧剂制备 9

2.3.1 MMT-TDI-HTPB吸氧剂制备 9

2.3.2 SiO₂-TDI-HTPB吸氧剂制备 10

2.4 PET/吸氧剂共混挤出 11

2.5 压片成型 11

2.6表征与性能测试 11

2.6.1红外光谱测试分析 12

2.6.2 热重分析(Tg) 12

2.6.3 透氧性能测试分析 12

2.6.4 扫描电镜分析(SEM) 12

第三章 结果与讨论 13

3.1 红外光谱结果分析 13

3.2 热重测试结果分析 14

3.3 透氧性能测试结果分析 17

3.4 扫描电镜结果分析 18

第四章 结论与展望 19

4.1 结论 19

4.2 展望 19

参考文献 20

致 谢 22

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