论文总字数：21320字

摘 要

继2008年世界金融危机之后，国内外经济学界各经济学家均持相当观点，认为知道现阶段世界仍然未走出金融危机的影响，金融危机的余波依旧对世界经济产生动荡，我们现处的时代呗称之为：后金融危机时代。

由于受国内外经济形势影响，我国的经济正处于一个发展的攻克坚守期。与广大发达国家相比，我国在大型企业、强科技企业上竞争力羸弱，但我国却有超过6000万家的小微企业，它们活跃于商品制造、商品生产、商品流通等各个行业中，创造了几近三分之二的所得税贡献率。除此之外，小微企业在提升国民经济收益、改善产业结构上的重要地位越来越得到社会各界的认可，我国政府也给予了小微企业越来越多的关注，将小微企业视为冲出后金融危机囚笼、走稳改革复兴之路的强大支撑力量。然而，纵观国内小微企业发展态势，仔细研究各种有关小微企业的经济数据，我们不难发现在小微企业的发展之路中有一只“拦路虎”，这边是筹资困难、贷款不易。资金作为小微企业生产经营所需的根本，可见金融的帮助在小微企业发展、加快我国冲出后金融危机囚笼、保证我国走稳改革复兴之路中具有不可忽视的意义。

本文首先给出了小微企业的定义并指出小微企业在增加就业、促进国民经济增长、科技创新与社会和谐稳定等方面所起到的作用，引出小微企业的重要地位，同时对金融支持小微企业的当前现状、背景进行介绍、对金融对小微企业支持的意义和目的进行了概述；其次通过了解国外支持小微企业的例子进行经验与对策分析，给出我国国内在金融支持小微企业发展方面上可以得到的经验与启示，并引出了当前国内在此方面存在的某些不足与问题，与此同时研究这些不足与问题的成因和现状；再次，从各种问题成因中进行反思得出一些具体措施；最后，概述构建金融支持小微发展的政策支持体系的重要性，从政府、银行、企业自身和担保四方面论述，并给予解决问题和具有长效发展能力的对策。

关键词：金融；小微企业；融资；政府；银行；担保

Problems and Countermeasures of financial support Small and micro businessesgrow

Abstract

After the world financial crisis in 2008, economists at home and abroad all the economists take a view, think to know at this stage is not yet out of the world financial crisis, the fallout from the financial crisis is still on the world economic instability, we are now in the era of bai call: age after the financial crisis.

Due to the effect of the economic situation at home and abroad, the development of China's economy is in a conquer holding period. Compared with the developed countries, our country in big, strong science and technology enterprise competitiveness weak, but our country has more than 5000 small micro enterprises, they are active in manufacturing, commodity production, circulation of commodities, and other industries, has created nearly two thirds of the income tax contribution. In addition, small micro enterprises in promoting the national economic benefits, improve industrial structure on the important status more and more received the recognition from the society from all walks of life, the Chinese government also gives the small micro enterprise more and more attention, the small micro enterprises as rushed out of the cage after the financial crisis, stabilize the powerful supporting power of reform and renewal. Throughout the domestic small micro enterprise development situation, however, a careful study of various economic data relating to the small micro enterprise, it is easy to find in small micro enterprise development way have an "obstacle", this is the financing difficulty, loans. Money as a micro needed for the production and operation of an enterprise, visible financial help in the small micro enterprise development, to speed up our country out of the cage after the financial crisis, ensure stabilisation reform in China has significant meaning in the road to revival.

This paper first gives the definition of small micro enterprises and points out that the small micro enterprise in increasing employment, promoting national economic growth, science and technology innovation and social harmony and stability played a role, lead to the important role of small enterprises, at the same time, the current status of financial support to small micro enterprise, introduces the background, the meaning and purpose of financial support for small micro enterprise were summarized; Secondly by understanding foreign support small micro enterprise experience and countermeasure analysis of examples, give our domestic on the financial support to small micro enterprise development can gain experience and enlightenment, and led to the current domestic some of the deficiencies and problems in this aspect, at the same time the genesis of these deficiencies and problems and current situation; Once again, from various kinds of problems cause for reflection concluded some concrete measures; Finally, the summary of the development of construction of financial support to small micro the importance of the policy support system, from the government, bank and enterprise itself and guarantees the four aspects, and gives the ability of problem solving and has a long-term development.

Key words: financial; Small micro enterprises; Financing; The government; Banks; guarantee.

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究的背景、意义和目的 1

1.1.1 课题研究背景 1

1.1.2 课题研究意义和目的 1

1.2 相关文献综述 2

1.3 研究内容和技术路线 3

1.3.1课题研究内容 3

1.3.2课题研究的技术路线 3

第二章 国外金融支持小微企业的经验与政策 4

2.1 国外典型财政税收措施 4

2.1.1 典型国家财政措施列举 4

2.1.2财政措施效果评析 5

2.1.3 典型国家税收措施列举 6

2.1.4 税收措施政策评析 6

2.2 国外典型金融措施 7

2.2.1 典型国家直接金融措施列举 7

2.2.2典型国家间接金融措施列举 7

2.2.3 金融措施政策评析 7

第三章 我国金融支持小微企业问题、现状和成因 9

3.1 我国金融支持小微企业发展的现状 9

3.2 我国金融支持小微企业发展的问题 9

3.2.1 资金缺口加大与信贷政策制约之间的矛盾 9

3.2.2 日益升高的融资成本与不对等的政策之间的矛盾 9

3.2.3 狭窄的融资渠道与高风险的民间融资之间的矛盾 10

3.3 我国金融支持小微企业发展的问题成因 11

3.3.1企业要素分析成因 11

3.3.2政府要素分析成因 12

3.3.3金融机构要素分析成因 12

3.3.4担保要素分析成因 13

第四章 金融支持小微企业发展的政策支撑体系构建 14

4.1 政府构建体系努力导向 14

4.2 银行构建体系努力导向 14

4.3 担保构建体系努力导向 14

4.4 企业自身构建体系努力导向 14

第五章 金融支持小微企业的策略 15

5.1 金融策略 15

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