论文总字数：33327字

摘 要

水泥工业作为我国国民经济发展的基础工业、传统工业，其在各行各业中均有着不可或缺的作用。但与此同时，水泥工业的高能耗问题也是尤为突出，煤的消耗量在工业领域位居前列。因此，如何降低水泥生产的能源消耗已经成为水泥工业发展过程中最为重要的一部分。水泥生产预分解过程是水泥工业发展最重要的环节之一，随着预分解窑炉的出现，水泥工业的能耗问题得到了大大的改善，通过悬浮预热、窑外分解技术，利用窑尾废气预热水泥生料，在入窑前通过分解炉将生料预分解，大大地提高了水泥熟料的烧成效率，降低了回转窑的能耗，并充分利用了窑尾废气的余热，在很大程度上降低了水泥生产的能耗，可以说预分解过程决定着水泥熟料的产量和质量。虽然预分解过程承担了水泥生产过程中 85%-95%的碳酸盐分解，但是该过程煤的消耗量也占了整个水泥生产过程的60%左右，因此，本文将着眼于水泥工业窑系统的预热器部分，通过对国内42条水泥生产线的研究，对比其产量、设备、单位熟料烧成热耗、头尾煤比例、入窑生料表观分解率等，分析其单位熟料烧成热耗的影响因素预热器能耗的来源，单位熟料烧成热耗与头尾煤比例的关系，入窑生料的表观分解率与头尾煤比例的关系，窑系统台时产量、单位熟料烧成热耗与入窑生料的表观分解率的关系，单位熟料烧成热耗与预热器换热效率的关系，以进一步研究如何提高预热器换热效率，减少热量损失，并找出若干个解决方案。

关键词：水泥工业；窑系统；窑外分解；预热器；熟料烧成热耗；降能耗

ABSTRACT

As the basic industry and traditional industry, cement industry has played an indispensable role in all walks of life. However, at the same time, the high energy consumption of cement industry is particularly prominent, the consumption of coal in the industrial field in the forefront. Therefore, how to reduce the energy consumption of cement production has become the most important part of the development of the cement industry. Production of cement pre calcining process is one of the development of the cement industry is the most important link, with the advent of the pre decomposition kiln, cement industry energy consumption has been greatly improved, through the suspension preheater kiln, decomposition technique, using waste gas of kiln tail preheater cement raw meal, before entering the furnace through decomposing furnace will be raw material pre decomposition and greatly improve the cement clinker firing efficiency, reduces the energy consumption of the rotary kiln, and make full use of the waste heat of the waste gas of kiln tail, greatly reduce the energy consumption of cement production, can say precalciner system determines the output and quality of cement clinker. Although the predecomposition system took 85%~95% in the cement production process of carbonate decomposition task, but the coal consumption accounted for about 60% of the cement production process, therefore, this article will focus on the part of the preheater kiln system of cement industry, through the research of 42 domestic cement production lines, compared to its production, equipment, unit of clinker burning heat consumption, and the proportion of coal and raw meal apparent decomposition rate, analysis of firing factors influence energy preheater heat consumption of the unit heat consumption of clinker, and tail proportion of coal unit clinker, concept decomposition rate and the proportion of coal and raw meal table, kiln system output table, unit clinker heat consumption and the relationship between kiln feed the apparent decomposition rate, unit heat consumption of clinker between heat transfer efficiency and preheater, in order to further study how to improve the preheating Heat exchanger efficiency, reduce heat loss, and find out a number of solutions.

Key words: Cement industry; Kiln system; External decomposition of kiln; Preheater; Clinker burning heat loss; Reducing energy consumption

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1前言 1

1.1.1我国的能源现状 1

1.1.2我国水泥产业的发展 1

1.2水泥工业窑系统的发展 1

1.2.1 国外发展概况 1

1.2.2 国内发展概况 1

1.3预分解窑的工作原理 2

1.4回转窑节能降耗的措施 3

1.4.1提高燃料燃烧效率 3

1.4.2减少窑体的热辐射散热 3

1.4.3余热和废热的回收利用 3

1.4.4 降低辅助设备的能耗 3

1.5悬浮预热器的类型与结构 3

1.5.1悬浮预热器的类型 3

1.5.2悬浮预热器的结构 4

第二章 数据整理 5

2.1 研究思路 5

2.1.1研究内容 5

2.1.2研究方法 5

2.2数据列表 5

第三章 数据处理与分析 13

3.1单位熟料烧成热耗的影响因素 13

3.2单位熟料烧成热耗与头尾煤比例的关系 18

3.3入窑生料表观分解率与头尾煤比例的关系 21

3.4窑系统台时产量、单位熟料烧成热耗与入窑生料表观分解率的关系 25

3.5单位熟料烧成热耗与预热器换热效率的关系 29

第四章 结果与讨论 35

参考文献 36

致 谢 38

第一章 文献综述

1.1前言

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