论文总字数：16583字

摘 要

废气焚烧炉是将可燃的有害废气通过加入辅助气体燃烧的方式，将其温度提高到能将废气中的有害成分氧化分解成无害气体，并同时通过增加换热设备，比如蒸发器、预热器等，从而达到余热回收，节约能源的作用，满足环境保护和可持续发展的需求，因而具有非常大的回收潜力。本课题所做的的就是对50000标方的废气焚烧炉进行余热回收的空气预热器设计。

废气焚烧炉更适用于处理含有水溶性、高分子物质或者粘性物质的废气，这些废气中含有二氧化碳、一氧化碳、二硫化碳、氮氧化物、硫化氢、氯、氯化氢、氟化物、苯、苯乙烯、烟尘及生产性粉尘等有害物质，如果不加以处理直接排放至大气中，不仅仅会污染空气，更是会对动植物，甚至对人体造成严重的危害。本课题正是基于这样的背景，设计了一种高效的余热回收的系统装置，利用废气燃烧所产生的高温烟气来生产蒸汽以及预热燃烧所需要的废气、空气及其他辅助气体，从而达到提高能量利用率和节能减排的目的。

空气预热器的设计采用的是热管式空预器，通过热管的相变传热，将热量从热侧的高温烟气传递到冷侧的废气或空气中去。热管空预器的换热效率高，换热速度快，换热系数大，并且可以通过增加翅片，来增加传热面积，强化传热效果，降低预热器的体积和重量，大大节约了预热器的制作成本。

本课题在满足工艺要求、运输要求和现场安装空间要求下对整个换热系统进行热力计算，并设计换热器系统各主要部件的施工图和零件图。根据课题需要，选用热管的材料、尺寸、数量和排列方式，并通过对其进行强度校核，使整个换热器能安全运行，热管能稳定工作。

关键词：废气焚烧炉 热管空预器 结构设计 余热回收 节能减排

Design of Air Preheater for 50000 SCMH Exhaust Gas Incinerator

Abstract

Waste Gas Incinerator (EGI) is to increase the temperature of combustible harmful exhaust gas to oxidize harmful components into harmless gases by adding auxiliary gases. At the same time, by adding heat exchangers, such as evaporators and preheaters, it can achieve the function of waste heat recovery, energy saving and meet the needs of environmental protection and sustainable development.Therefore, it has great potential for recovery.What this topic has done is to design the air preheater for waste heat recovery of 50,000 standard waste gas incinerator.

Waste gas incinerator is more suitable for treating waste gases containing water-soluble, polymer or viscous substances, which contain harmful substances such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, benzene, fluoride, styrene, smoke dust and productive dust.If these exhaust gases are discharged directly into the atmosphere without treatment, they will not only pollute the air, but also cause serious harm to animals and plants, even to human beings.Based on this background, this paper designs an efficient waste heat recovery system, which uses high-temperature flue gas generated by waste gas combustion to produce steam and waste gas, air and other auxiliary gases needed for preheating combustion, so as to achieve the purpose of improving energy utilization and energy saving and emission reduction.

The design of air preheater adopts heat pipe air preheater, which transfers heat from high temperature flue gas on the hot side to exhaust gas or air on the cold side through phase change heat transfer of heat pipe. By increasing fins, the heat transfer area can be increased, the heat transfer effect can be strengthened, the volume and weight of the preheater can be reduced, and the production cost of the preheater can be greatly saved.

Under the requirements of technology, transportation and installation space, the thermal calculation of the whole heat exchanger system is carried out, and the construction drawings and parts drawings of the main components of the heat exchanger system are designed.According to the needs of the project, the material, size, quantity and arrangement of heat pipe are selected, and the strength of heat pipe is checked to make the whole heat exchanger run safely and the heat pipe work steadily.

Key Words: Exhaust Gas Incinerator; Heat pipe air preheater; Structural design;

Waste Heat Recovery; energy saving and emission reduction

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

目录 IV

第一章 绪论 1

1.1课题研究的背景及目的 1

1.2蓄热式有机废气焚烧炉国内的应用现状 1

1.2.1双蓄热室蓄热式热力焚化炉 1

1.2.2三蓄热室蓄热式热力焚化炉 2

1.2.3多蓄热室旋转换向蓄热式热力焚化炉 2

1.3空气预热器的结构和原理 3

1.3.1空气预热器的作用 3

1.3.2热管空气预热器介绍 4

1.3.3热管空气预热器的特点 4

1.4课题的必要性和意义 5

第二章50000标方废气焚烧炉空气预热器设计 6

2.1设计要求 6

2.2设计中需要考虑的问题 6

第三章热力计算及结构设计 7

3.1原始设计参数 7

3.2换热器设计 7

3.2.1燃烧计算 7

3.2.2理论燃烧温度计算 8

3.2.3热平衡计算 10

3.2.4设计计算 14

3.2.5校核计算 26

3.3施工图设计 31

第四章 总结 32

参考文献 33

致谢 35

第一章 绪论

1.1课题研究的背景及目的

人类社会的发展至今已经有400多万年的历史。在这期间人类迅速的从原始时期发展到如今的信息时代。但是与此同时，能源的消耗也持续的增长，其中煤、石油、天然气等化石燃料是当今的主要能源来源。能源是人类社会赖以生存和进步的物质基础，在国民经济中占有非常重要的战略地位。

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