论文总字数：28653字

摘 要

随着风力发电和光伏发电的大规模应用，如何解决大规模风力/光伏发电并网所带来的不确定性是目前研究的核心和难点。另外，蓄电池储能技术作为电力系统并网时抑制功率波动的重要手段而被广泛关注。当前，弃风、弃光成为我国能源社会关注的焦点，此外，电、热等储能系统均没有统一规划和设计，而是各自出力，联合规划时对应的系统规划模型维度高，难以求解。

基于以上几种问题，本文主要采用LabVIEW软件研究可再生能源多能互补发电系统并网发电的性能测试与经济性评价，重点对日前讨论的风光出力的不确定性对于可再生能源多能互补发电系统的综合效益影响进行讨论；研究风/光/储微网系统并网发电时的优化调度与蓄能系统合适的容量设置。同时，对可再生能源并网发电的稳定性进行研究，通过构建多能互补系统提高其稳定性。本文所作工作有以下几个方面：

(1)建立风力发电、光伏发电的仿真模型。为了探究近似真是条件下风力发电的弃风率问题与光伏发电的弃光问题，本文通过风力发电原理与光伏发电原理建立了仿真模型，使用LabVIEW实验平台对其发电过程进行模拟。对不同机组配置下的模型进行探究。结果发现单纯的风力发电受自然因素影响大，并网输出功率波动性较强，弃风率偏高，而单纯的光伏发电仅可在太阳能资源丰富的白日进行发电，且受自然因素影响也较大。

(2)建立风光互补仿真模型，与风力发电模型和光伏发电模型进行比较。本文将风力发电与光伏发电结合在一起，建立了互补模型，并在相同的条件下进行仿真，从一次能源利用率、经济效益和稳定性方面进行比较。发现风光互补发电模型在经济效益方面相较于单纯的风力发电或光伏发电分别提高2~4%，并网稳定性提高2%左右，但弃风率与弃光率仍居高不下。

(3)风/光/储多能互补系统仿真。为了探究多能互补系统在弃风弃光问题、能源利用效率问题、经济性问题和并网稳定性问题的作用，本文通过相应的配置策略将风力发电、光伏发电和蓄电池储能进行耦合测试，结果表明多能互补系统较单一分布的电力系统，的确可以提高能源利用效率与并网稳定性，分别提高约7~8%和5~6%，但经济效益有所下降。

关键词：可再生能源 多能互补 评价分析 LabVIEW

ABSTRACT

With the large-scale application of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, how to solve the uncertainty caused by large-scale wind amp; photovoltaic power grid connection has become the core and difficulty of current investigation. In addition, battery energy storage technology has been widely concerned as an important method to suppress power fluctuations when the power system is connected to the grid. At present, abandoned wind and abandoned light have become the focus in our country. Unified planning and design for energy storage systems such as electricity and heat have not been done. Instead, they work separately. The corresponding system planning model has a high dimension and is difficult to solve.

Based on the above problems, the performance testing and economic evaluation of renewable multi-energy complementarity power generation systems have been done by LabVIEW software in this thesis. The impact to renewable multi-energy complementarity power generation systems caused by the uncertainty of the wind and photovoltaic power generation concerned recently were deeply discussed in this thesis. Discuss the impact of benefits. The optimal scheduling and appropriate capacity setting of the energy storage system when the wind / photovoltaic / storage microgrid system is connected to the grid for power generation were also investigated. At the same time, the stability of renewable energy generation in the status of grid-connected was investigated, and the stability was improved by constructing a multi-energy complementarity system. The work has been done in the following aspects:

(1) Simulation models for wind power and photovoltaic power generation was established. In order to explore the problem of wind power abandonment rate and photovoltaic power abandonment under approximate conditions, this thesis established a simulation model through the principles of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, and its power generation process was simulated by the LabVIEW experimental platform. Different models under various unit configurations were explored. It was found that pure wind power generation is greatly affected by natural factors, grid-connected output has strong volatility, and the wind abandonment rate is relatively high. Meanwhile, pure photovoltaic power generation can only work in the daytime with abundant solar resources, and is also affected by natural factors.

(2) A wind-photovoltaic complementarity simulation model was established and comparison was made between the complementarity simulation model with the wind power generation model and the photovoltaic power generation model. Wind power and photovoltaic power generation were combined in a complementarity model. Under the same conditions, after simulated, the primary energy utilization rate, economic benefit and stability were compared. It is found that the wind-photovoltaic hybrid power generation model has an increase of 1 ~ 2% in energy efficiency and an increase of 2 ~ 4% in economic benefits compared to pure wind power or photovoltaic power generation, and the grid connection stability is increased by about 2%. But the abandoned rate of light is still high.

(3) Simulation of wind/ photovoltaic/ storage multi-energy complementary system. In order to explore the role of multi-energy complementary systems in the problem of abandoned wind and light, energy efficiency, economic benefit and stability, a coupling test of wind power, photovoltaic power generation and battery energy storage through corresponding configuration strategies was made in this thesis. The results show that the multi-energy complementarity system can indeed improve the energy utilization efficiency and grid-connection stability compared to a distributed power system, respectively increasing by about 7~8% and 5 ~ 6%, but the economic benefit has declined.

Key Words: Renewable Energy; Multi-Energy Complementarity; Evaluation Analysis; LabVIEW;

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT III

第1章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.1.1可再生能源多能互补系统发展背景 1

1.1.2实施可再生能源多能互的意义 2

1.2国内外现状 3

1.2.1国外现状与趋势 3

1.2.2国内现状与趋势 5

1.3研究目的及方法 6

第2章 风/光/储多能互补发电系统结构 8

2.1引言 8

2.2风/光/储多能发电系统的结构 8

2.2.1母线结构 8

2.2.2多能互补发电微网的运行模式 9

2.3系统主要部件仿真模型 10

2.3.1风力发电机组模型 10

2.3.2光伏发电组件模型 10

2.3.3蓄电池簇组件模型 11

2.4风/光/储系统组件的选取 12

2.4.1风力发电组件 12

2.4.2光伏发电组件 13

2.4.3蓄电池组件 13

第3章 风/光/储多能互补发电系统的仿真模型 15

3.1仿真策略 15

3.2多能互补系统配置策略 15

3.3目标函数 17

3.3.1一次能源利用率 17

3.3.2经济性评价目标函数 17

第4章 风/光/储微电网模型参数设计与仿真 19

4.1 风/光/储系统组件的参数设计 19

4.1.1风资源参数 19

4.1.2太阳能资源参数 19

4.1.3温度参数 20

4.1.4售电及维护成本参数 20

4.2风/光/储微网系统的仿真测试 20

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