根部注射实验装置设计文献综述
2021-12-21 22:08:09
全文总字数:10456字
随着林业产业规模的不断发展,近年来我国对林业重视水平的不断提高,林业经济也得到了飞速的发展。一直以来,虫害就是树木的天敌,对树木的健康生长有着极大的负面影响。一旦发生虫害,而又不能够及时进行治理,将会对林场的生态效益和经济效益造成双重冲击。根部施药防治技术是一种植物内部病虫害治疗技术,与传统的叶面喷雾、土壤施肥等外部施药技术相比具有显著优势。传统的病虫害防治是人工作业,机械化作业较少,同时树木根部的机械装置更是匮乏。本文主要分析了树木根部病虫害防治技术的基本情况,同时介绍了树木根部病虫害防治作业方式及装备,并对根部注射装置进行了探讨,提出一种根部注射实验装置。该装置可对新型根部注射装置进行室内测试,对新开发的装置是否符合作业生产进行试验。适合目前经济林产业现状及市场需求。摘 要
关键词:树木病虫害、病虫害防治、土壤消毒装置、根部注射装置、实验装置
Abstract
With the continuous development of forestry industry scale, in recent years, the level of forestry attention has been constantly improved, and forestry economy has also been developed rapidly. For a long time, insect pest is the natural enemy of trees, which has a great negative impact on the healthy growth of trees. Once pest damage occurs and can not be treated in time, it will have double impact on the ecological and economic benefits of forest farms. Root pesticide control technology is a kind of plant internal pest treatment technology, compared with the traditional foliar spray, soil fertilization and other external pesticide technology has a significant advantage. Traditional pest control is manual operation, less mechanization operation, and the mechanical device of tree root is scarce. This paper mainly analyzes the basic situation of the technology of the prevention and control of the root diseases and insect pests, introduces the operation mode and equipment of the prevention and control of the root diseases and insect pests, and discusses the root injection device, and proposes a root injection experimental device. The device can test the new root injection device in the laboratory and whether the newly developed device conforms to the operation production. It is suitable for the current situation of economic forest industry and market demand.
Keywords: Tree diseases and insect pests 、pest control、soil disinfection device、root injection device、experimental device
0.引言
近年来随着我国对农林业重视水平的不断提高,农林业也得到了飞速的发展。树主要由树干,树冠和树根三部分组成,其中,树根是林木生长于地下的重要功能器官,在林木生命过程中起着非常重要的作用,是林木的重要组成部分。树根是树木的营养器官,位于地表下面,负责吸收土壤里面的水分及溶解其中的无机盐,并且具有支持、繁殖、贮存合成有机物质的作用。根部能进行一系列有机化合物的合成转化。其中包括有组成蛋白质的氨基酸,如谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸和脯氨酸等﹔各类植物激素,如:龙根生、 乙酸、细胞分裂素类,以及少量的乙烯等。根系的吸收功能: 一种是根系对土壤养分的主动“截获”。其二是植物生长与代谢活动(如蒸腾、吸收)的影响下,土壤中的养分向根系表皮的迁移,成为“质流和扩散”。因此树根对树木的生长具有重要的作用。
一直以来,虫害就是树木的天敌,对树木的健康生长有着极大的负面影响。一旦发生虫害,而又不能够及时进行治理,将会对林场的生态效益和经济效益造成双重冲击。植物的叶、茎、枝等部位虽然病害种类多种多样但容易发现,医治起来容易对症下药,根部病害埋藏在土壤里,肉眼不容易发现,更不好鉴别病害种类,而且根部病害所造成的危害往往是毁灭性的。如果是幼苗病染几天即可枯死,即使是幼树在一个生长季节也可造成枯萎,如果是生长旺盛的大树持续几年后也可枯死。目前国内对病虫害防治主要是人工防治,机械化防治比较空缺。