超高层建筑风荷载及其响应的风洞实验研究毕业论文
2021-08-31 23:40:04
摘 要
随着建筑材料、设计理论以及施工技术的不断发展,如今的超高层建筑愈加呈现出柔性化的趋势。对风荷载较为敏感,因此,对于超高层建筑的风荷载分布特性以及风致响应研究极为必要。
本文对典型的超高层建筑进行了测压风洞试验,利用MATLAB进行了数据处理。研究了平均风压系数随方向以及高度的变化规律,又研究了立面风压系数的分布特性,分析了顺风向以及横风向体形系数与规范值的差别。而后分析了存在干扰建筑下的顺风向和横风向荷载谱,研究了加速度响应和位移响应随方向的变化关系,并对居住者舒适度进行了简要评估,最后分析了基于风洞试验而得的等效静力风荷载和风振系数,并与规范值进行了对比及研究。
研究结果表明:平均风压系数随方向及高度呈规律性变化。立面风压系数存在较为明显的分布特性。干扰建筑的存在对横风向及顺风向荷载谱影响不同。风向在垂直于建筑物表面时,加速度响应以及风振位移响应会有较为明显的极大值。等效静力风荷载与规范值有一定差别。干扰建筑的存在对风振系数影响较大。
本文运用了风洞试验研究了超高层建筑风荷载以及响应的相关研究,研究成果为超高层建筑风工程的研究以及超高层建筑的结构设计提供了相关数据及资料。
关键词:高层建筑;风洞试验;风荷载;风致响应
Abstract
With the development of building materials,design theory and construction technology,modern tall buildings have become more and more flexible. As a result,these superstructures tend to be sensitive to wind loads. Therefore,wind load become one of the key control loads. It is thus necessary to investigate the wind load distribution characteristics and wind-induced response of high-rise building.
Detailed wind tunnel tests for a super-tall building were carried out, and data processing was carried out using MATLAB. The variations of mean wind pressure coefficient with height and direction were discussed. The distribution characteristics of wind pressure was also discussed. The differences of the shape coefficient from the wind tunnel tests and the building design codes of China were analyzed. The load spectral characteristics of along-wind and across-wind with interference building was analyzed. The variations of acceleration and displacement response of vibration with direction were discussed. The comfort of the occupants has been assessed in brief. At last,the equivalent static wind load and the wind-induced amplifier factors of the building were calculated based on the wind tunnel results and compared with those estimated from the building design codes of China.
Mean wind pressure coefficient with the direction and height change regularly. Facade wind pressure coefficient have obvious distribution characteristics. The existence of other buildings will impact the load spectral characteristics of along-wind and across-wind differently.Wind direction in the vertical on the surface of a building, acceleration response and wind vibration displacement response will reach a peak. Equivalent static wind load and normative values have certain difference. The existence of other buildings have a greater impact on the wind vibration factor.
In this study,wind load and wind-induced response of high-rise building were investigated in detail through wind tunnel test. That provides the data and information for the design of super tall building and wind engineering research.
Key Words:Tall building; Wind tunnel tests; Wind load; Wind-induced responses
目录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2风以及高层建筑的风荷载和风致响应 1
1.2.1风 1
1.2.2高层建筑的风荷载和风致响应 1
1.3风洞试验研究现状 2
1.4本文研究的目的及意义 3
1.5本文的研究内容 3
第2章 计算原理 4
2.1风荷载计算方法 4
2.2等效静力风荷载及风振响应计算方法 4
第3章 超高层建筑表面风压分布研究 7
3.1引言 7
3.2风洞试验简介 7
3.3风压系数 11
3.3.1风压系数随风向的变化关系 11
3.3.2风压系数随高度的变化关系 12
3.3.3立面风压系数分布特性 14
3.3.4立面峰值风压系数分布 19
3.4体型系数 22
3.5 小结 23
第4章 超高层建筑等效静力风荷载及风致响应研究 25
4.1引言 25
4.2风荷载功率谱 25
4.3风致响应 26
4.3.1响应计算参数 27
4.3.2加速度响应 27
4.3.3位移响应 28
4.4等效静力风荷载及风振系数的研究 29
4.4.1等效静力风荷载 29
4.4.2风振系数 31
4.5 小结 33
第5章 结论与展望 35
5.1研究结论 35
5.2研究展望 36
参考文献 37
致谢 39
第1章 绪论
1.1引言
随着建筑材料、设计理论以及施工技术的不断发展,如今的超高层建筑愈加表现出柔性化的趋向。就目前而言,在世界上已经有了几十座300m以上的高层建筑,诸多超过400m的超高层建筑也在筹建之中。近年来,我国的建筑事业不断地发展,超高层建筑数量不断地增加,在该方面取得了一系列举世瞩目的成就。台北101,共101层,高508m。上海环球金融中心,共101层,高492m。南京紫峰大厦,共89层,高450m。广州国际金融中心,共103层,高440m。除此以外,还有诸多超高层建筑尚未列举出来。
地震荷载和风荷载是建筑结构侧向的主要控制荷载。一般来说,与地震荷载相对应的地震动的卓越周期较小,与之相反,风荷载的卓越周期则较大。对于超高层建筑而言,其柔性较大,固有周期较大,与风荷载的卓越周期相接近。因此,相对而言,超高层结构有较好的抗震性,而在风荷载下,由于与风荷载频率相近,建筑物的振动会加大,相应地,危害也更大。