摘 要

纹理合成技术是图像处理领域的一个重要分支，纹理替换技术是计算机图形学与计算机视觉的研究热点之一，纹理合成与纹理替换技术两者联系紧密，在影视特效、游戏渲染以及软家装等领域有着广泛的应用。而在纹理合成与纹理替换过程中不可忽略，也最为重要的一项技术是图像分割技术。图像分割是一种重要的图像技术，是图像分析的基本内容。而本文通过图像纹理分割技术、纹理合成技术以及纹理替换技术，实现了真实替换窗帘图像中的纹理的功能。并且本文在最后用GUI工具包在MATLAB中制作了一个集成界面，将各部分的功能实现进行集中展示。

本文的主要工作如下：

1) 图像分割算法的研究实现。在分析现有图像分割技术的基础上，本文研究了K-means聚类分割算法，并通过对样本窗帘图进行实验，总结出了此种方法对于图像分割的优势。

2) 纹理合成算法的研究实现。为了保证最终替换后的纹理具有真实感，本文首先分析了基于传统块匹配的纹理合成方法进行纹理合成的优势，该方法避免了传统纹理映射适用范围有限等缺点。针对该方法的局限性，本文研究了改进算法——Image Quilting算法，并分析了该算法优越性。

3) 纹理替换算法的研究实现。通过设置阈值u、像素点替换的方法，以及在替换后纹理RGB值中叠加原图像灰度值，调节图像对比度、色调，完成最终的纹理替换。

研究结果表明：应用本文研究并采用的算法替换后的窗帘布料纹理保持了原有窗帘纹理中的褶皱信息，并具有一致暗影效果，保持了比较高的视觉真实感。

本文的特色：本文中对于图像分割技术、纹理合成技术以及纹理替换技术的综合应用，使替换后的纹理更满足人们的视觉效果，使最后的效果具有立体感。并且本文制作的集成界面将软家装样式中纹理合成与替换中每一个环节的图像处理结果都直接展示了出来，让人们直观看到本文所做的工作成果。

关键词：图像分割；纹理合成；纹理替换；软家装；

Abstract

Texture synthesis is an important branch of the field of image processing, texture replacement technology is one of the hot spot in computer graphics and computer vision, texture synthesis and texture replacement technology are closely linked and have a wide range of applications in many areas, such as film and TV special effects, games render soft decoration. Furthermore, texture segment technology is the most important technology in the process of replacing or image segmentation technology. Image segmentation is an important image technology, it is the analysis of the basic contents of the image. Based on image texture segmentation, texture synthesis technique and texture replacement technique, this paper replaced successfully curtains’ real texture features in images. And the integrated interface made by GUI toolkit in MATLAB in the end of paper will showcase the realization of the function of each part directly.

The main tasks are as follows:

1) Research of the image segmentation algorithms. In the analysis of image segmentation technique based on k-means clustering algorithm is studied in this paper and this paper made experiment by the sample curtain, and summed up the advantages of this method for image segmentation.

2) Texture synthesis algorithm research and implementation. In order to ensure the final replacement textures truly, this paper first analysed the advantage of texture synthesis based on the traditional block-matching method for texture synthesis, this method avoids the shortcomings of traditional texture mapping limited scope. Because of limitations of this approach, we study on improved algorithm, Image Quilting algorithm, and the analysis of the advantages of the algorithm.

3) Realization of texture replacement algorithm. By setting the threshold value u, pixels replace gray value to complete the final texture and overlay the original image replaced grayscale values in the RGB value to adjust the image contrast and hue.

Research results showed that the applications studied in this paper and the algorithms used in replacement curtain fabric curtain folds of textures texture to maintain the original information, and has a consistent effect of shadows, maintaining relatively high visual realism.

Features of this article: the replaced textures made by image segmentation, texture synthesis technology and textures replacement technology integratedly satisfies people's visual effects, and made the final result with icing. Also making the integrated interface to home style texture synthesis and replaces each link of the image processing results are showing out, people could see the results of the work of this paper visually.

Keywords: Image segmentation texture; Texture replacement; Soft decoration;

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1研究意义 1

1.2纹理相关技术的发展现状 1

1.2.1纹理合成技术的研究现状 1

1.2.2纹理替换技术的研究现状 2

1.3 主要研究内容及章节安排 3

第2章 软家装中图像分割研究与实现 5

2.1基于区域的图像分割 5

2.2软家装中图像分割方法分析研究 6

2.2.1K-means聚类分割方法原理 6

2.2.2K-means聚类分割方法实现 7

2.3仿真实验结果及分析 11

2.4 本章小结 12

第3章 软家装中纹理合成研究与实现 14

3.1基于传统块匹配的合成方法算法实现 14

3.2改进算法研究 16

3.2.1 Image Quilting算法概述 16

3.2.2 Image Quilting算法实现 17

3.3仿真实验结果及分析 19

3.4 本章小结 21

第4章 软家装中纹理替换研究与实现 22

4.1纹理替换简介 22

4.2 纹理替换的实现 22

4.2.1提取纹理区域仿真实验 22

4.2.2待替换纹理分析仿真实验 22

4.2.3生成替换纹理仿真实验 23

4.3纹理替换流程 23

4.4仿真实验结果及分析 25

4.5本章小结 29

第5章 软家装纹理生成与替换系统的设计与实现 30

5.1 系统界面设计 30

5.2系统功能实现 31

5.2.1选择样本窗帘图功能实现 31

5.2.2样本纹理合成功能实现 33

5.2.3纹理替换功能实现 34

5.3仿真成果展示 36

5.4 本章小结 38

第6章 总结与展望 39

6.1总结 39

6.2展望 39

参考文献 41

致谢 43