摘 要

金属板料渐进成形技术是一种新型的板料无模成形技术，该技术具有工艺柔性高、加工成本低、制作周期短等特点，特别适用于加工多样化、小批量和定制产品零件。金属板料渐进成形引入“分层制造”的思想，使用专用的成形工具头沿规划好的运动轨迹，对金属板料进行无噪音的逐层连续局部塑性加工，获得复杂的壳类零件，实现了金属板料的柔性加工。由于加工时是对金属板材的局部加压，变形连续积累而达到整体成形，因此加工的工件精度较高。最重要的是整个过程易于实现自动化。这些特点使得该技术成为一项很有发展前途的先进制造技术。

本文主要针对板料渐进成形技术难以成形带有大倾角部件的问题，基于MATLAB完善一款多道次应变预成形软件，根据已有的算法完成软件的调试，并对半球形成形件，椭圆成形件和特殊形状成形件仿真。

关键词:板材成形 数值模拟 多道次 MATLAB

Abstract

Sheet metal incremental forming technology is a new sheet metal dieless forming technology, the technological process has the characteristics of high flexibility, low processing cost, short production cycle, especially suitable for processing variety, small batch customized products and parts. The introduction of forming the theory of "layered manufacturing" incremental sheet metal, using special forming along the trajectory planning, the sheet metal layer by layer without noise continuous local plastic processing, to obtain complex shell parts, realize flexible processing of sheet metal. Due to the local compression of the metal plate during the process, the deformation is continuously accumulated and the whole shape is formed. Therefore, the workpiece is processed with higher precision. Most importantly, the whole process is easy to automate. These characteristics make the technology become a very promising advanced manufacturing technology.This thesis focuses on the forming technology with large dip parts forming difficult problem of incremental sheet, MATLAB design a multi strain pre forming software based on the existing algorithm according to the complete design and debugging of the software, and to form a hemisphere shaped piece of simulation, the simulation results and the experimental results were verified.

This thesis focuses on the forming technology with large dip parts forming difficult problem of incremental sheet, MATLAB design a multi strain pre forming software based on the existing algorithm according to the complete design and debugging of the software, and to form a hemisphere shaped piece of simulation, the simulation results and the experimental results were verified.

Key Words：Sheet Metal Digital Forming Incremental forming Numerical simulation Matlab

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1板料渐进成形技术简介 1

1.1.1板料渐进成形技术原理 1

1.1.2板料渐进成形技术分类 2

1.1.3渐进成形技术优缺点 3

1.2板料渐进成形研究现状 3

1.2.1渐进成形机理研究 3

1.2.2渐进成形精度研究 4

1.2.3 渐进成形技术应用 5

1.3 MATLAB简介 6

1.4设计方案 7

第2章 多道次板料渐进成形建模方法 8

2.1 渐进成形变形理论依据 8

2.2多道次成形模型 9

2.2.1开环多道次模型1 9

2.2.2开环多道次模型2 10

2.3闭环多道次成形 11

第3章 多道次渐进成形程序详细设计 13

3.1系统设计的基本原则 13

3.2 系统设计的主要步骤 13

3.3主要的模块设计 14

3.4 图形界面设计 14

3.5各功能实现 15

3.5.1输入模块 15

3.5.2计算模块 17

3.5.3输出模块 19

3.5.4其他模块 21

3.5.5 程序打包 22

第4章 实验验证 24

第5章 总结 28

参考文献 29

致谢 31

第1章 绪论

1.1板料渐进成形技术简介

1.1.1板料渐进成形技术原理

传统的制造业中的板料成形工艺基本都是有模成形,有不少缺点,模型的生产和制造需要一定的时间,因此对于企业新品的开发,极大延长了开发的周期长,而且不能根据市场变化。现代的社会产品更新换代十分迅速,企业需要解决的是如何更快更好地开发新产品,并且根据市场做出改变,这是当今企业生存和发展的重点。

针对上述问题,新的无模成形的技术产生了,如:成形锤渐进成形、喷丸成形、无模多点成形、激光热应力成形、旋压成形、CNC高压水喷射成形、无模数字化单点渐进成形等^[1]。这些都是不需要模具的成形技术,并且能根据市场需求做出变化。这些技术都是基于数控系统发展,能够克服有模成形的多种缺点,并且极大节约制造的经费和产品设计投入生产的时长,这种特点尤其适小批量的生产和开发。