摘 要

凤凰灯舞作为江西省非物质文化遗产之一，有着悠久的历史，据传源自明朝宫廷。在三百多年的发展过程中，凤凰灯舞与江西新余当地的民俗互相结合，不断发展，在新中国解放时期达到顶峰。但是在改革开放后，凤凰灯舞因为人员的流失以及资料的丢失，断演长达二十余年，后来在当地政府的扶持下，传承人开始改变其父传子继的传承方式，对其他族人进行传授，每年进行文艺表演，逐渐开始复兴。但作为新余本土代表性的民间灯舞，其理论的研究仍然极其稀少，其身上所具有的浓厚的江西本地民间灯舞艺术特色没有得到发掘，甚至于整个江西省的灯舞表演都没有得到相应的研究。笔者进行相关的田野调查，访问传承人，结合当地的历史资料，对凤凰灯舞的历史发展进行梳理，以更好的针对其艺术风格进行探析，更深刻的了解江西省民间灯舞艺术的魅力。

本文主要通过三大部分：舞蹈和音乐，及道具造型对凤凰灯舞进行研究。通过访谈，资料分析，观看表演视频资料，归纳出其秩序化的舞蹈形式和欢快的音乐曲调以及宗族化的表演内容的表演风格特点。加上对凤凰灯舞的道具进行实地考察，以及聆听传承人的讲解，并且通过对当地的地理历史风俗的研究，认为江西多山的自然条件，宗族观念浓厚的文化习俗共同造就了其灯具对日常动物的意象化的外形特点，就地取材的材料选择观念，实用为主的工艺，明艳多彩的色彩分布，以及宗族化的图案设计的特点。总结出其朴素功利、寓情于物，明艳大方的造型风格。

关键词：灯舞，民间艺术，艺术风格，写实

Abstract

Phoenix Lantern Dance, as one of the intangible cultural heritages in Jiangxi Province, has a long history and is said to have originated from the Ming court. In the development process of more than three hundred years, Phoenix Lantern Dance and local folk custom in Xinyu, Jiangxi Province have been combined and developed continuously, reaching the peak in the period of new China's liberation. However, after the reform and opening up, Phoenix Lantern Dance was cut off for more than 20 years due to the loss of personnel and the loss of materials. Later, with the support of the local government, the inheritor began to change the way of inheriting his father, his son and his son. He taught other ethnic groups, performed literary performances every year, and gradually began to revive. However, as the representative Folk Lantern Dance in Xinyu, its theoretical research is still very rare, and its strong local folk lantern dance art characteristics have not been explored, even the whole Jiangxi Province's lantern dance performance has not been studied. The author carries on the related field investigation, visits the inheritor, unifies the local historical data, carries on the comb to the Phoenix lamp dance historical development, in order to better aim at its artistic style to carry on the analysis, deeply understands the Jiangxi Province folk lamp dance artistic charm.

This paper mainly through three parts: dance and music, and props modeling to study the Phoenix lamp dance. Through interviews, data analysis, watching performance video data, summed up its orderly dance form and cheerful music tunes, as well as the performance style characteristics of the clan performance content. On the other hand, through the on-the-spot investigation of Phoenix Lantern Dance and listening to the explanation of the inheritors, and through the study of the local geography, history and customs, it is believed that the mountainous natural conditions and the strong clan concept of cultural customs in Jiangxi Province have jointly created the external characteristics of daily animals' imagery of the lamps, the concept of local materials selection, practical technology, bright and colorful colors Distribution, as well as the characteristics of clan pattern design. Summed up its simple utilitarian, moral, bright and generous style.

Keywords: Light Dance, Folk Art, artistic style, realism

目录

第1章 前言 7

1.1本论文相关概念及研究背景 7

1.2国内外相关研究现状 8

1.3选题意义及研究目标 9

1.4本文的研究方法 10

第2章凤凰灯舞的历史与现状 11

2.1凤凰灯舞的概念 11

2.2凤凰灯舞的起源及其发展 11

2.21凤凰灯舞的起源 11

2.22凤凰灯舞的三个发展时期 12

2.3凤凰灯舞的现状 13

第三章：凤凰灯舞的表演风格 14

3.1凤家灯舞的形式结构 14

3.11 舞队及其构成 14

3.12乐队及其构成 15

3.13舞队及乐队的配合 15

3.2凤凰灯舞的程式化表演 17

3.21树立“彩门”，二龙戏珠 17

3.22“凤凰”出游 18

3.23凤戏花 19

3.3凤凰灯舞浓郁的宗族味表演 21

第四章：凤凰灯舞的造型风格与纹饰特点 22

4.1生活器具的拟化：凤凰灯的骨架工艺 22

4.11骨架制作的模块化 24

4.12以实用为前提竹编及纸扎工艺 24

4.2日常灯舞的意象化：凤凰灯舞的造型特征 25

4.3凤凰灯舞纹饰的伦理化 27

4.31丰富多彩，对比强烈的颜色分布 27

4.32近繁远简，层次丰富的纹饰 27

4.33对称的图形设计 28

4.34宗族气息浓厚的图案设计 28

第5章 结语 29

参考文献 30

致谢 31

第一章：前言

1.1本论文相关概念及研究背景

江西新余凤凰灯舞又名“万家舞”属于中国民间舞蹈中的灯舞，是已经进入江西省非物质文化遗产保护名录的传统舞蹈，起源于明朝初年，于明末崇祯年间传入万家。在传承的近400年间，凤家灯舞慢慢适应了新余本地的社会发展与历史变迁，吸收当地的本土文化精髓以及风俗，从材料的变化以及舞曲的变迁到表演内容的增加，不断的提升凤凰灯舞的生存能力以及其艺术性。

“明代嘉靖年间，朝廷允许庶民祭祀始祖，宗祠在民间逐渐普及，宗族的集体活动日