论文总字数：18160字

摘 要

各大企业应用烧结技术的历史已经长达百年，烧结的能耗工序已经做到几近最低的程度。但是在环冷机运作的过程中还是有大量的热空气被直接排放掉造成了浪费。目前，对于这些余热热能的利用程度还是很低，因而存在这巨大的回收潜力。本设计“280m3烧结环冷机式余热回收装置设计”就是基于这样的现实背景，设计一台余热锅炉用以回收烧结环冷机热空气中的热能，生产出1.47Mpa的蒸汽以作生产工艺之用，来达到节能减排的目的。烧结环冷机余热回收利用需要解决一下问题。虽然在此过程中的热回收介质是空气，但是仍然需要解决烟气出口处的温度太低导致的露点腐蚀。另外，在余热回收时如果烟气侧阻力过大可能会影焦炉生产、破坏焦炉的压力操作。

在计算过程中，首先根据烟气和水的进、出口压力、温度、流量等原始参数，通过热平衡方程计算出传热量；然后根据选择的翅片管和光管的规格及其结构参数，计算出总传热系数，最后确定翅片管和光管的数量及其排布方式。选取合适的烟气流速以及翅片管的合理布置，使压力降在合适的范围之内，从而不影响余热锅炉的压力操作。余热锅炉采用自然循环，选取合适的循环倍率，保证锅炉的循环回路的正常运行。

关键词 余热锅炉 烧结 自然循环

The design of 280 m² vertical sintering ring cooler gas waste heat boiler

Abstract

Each large enterprise application has one hundred years history of sintering technology, the energy consumption of the sintering process has to do is close to the lowest degree. But still have a lot of hot air is directly caused waste discharge in the process of ring cooler operation.At present,the waste heat utilization degree of heat energy is very low, so there is this huge potential of recycling.The design of 280 m² vertical sintering ring cooler gas waste heat boiler is based on the realistic background to produce steam with 1.47MPa (g) pressure for the production, and to achieve the purpose of energy conservation, reduce emission and improve the energy utilization.

There are a lot of problems needs to solve about sintering ring cooler waste heat recycling.While in the process of heat recovery media is the air.But still need to solve the dew point corrosion caused by the flue gas outlet temperature is too low.In addition, if in the waste heat recovery flue gas side resistance could affect the production of coke oven, the pressure of coke oven operation.

In the process of calculation, first of all, according to the inlet and outlet of the flue gas and water pressure, temperature, flow rate, the original parameters, such as through the heat balance equation to calculate the heat transmission.Then according to the choice of the specifications of the finned tube and the tube and its structure parameters, calculate the total heat transfer coefficient, and finally determine the number of finned tube and light pipe and configuration.Select appropriate flue gas velocity and the reasonable layout of the finned tube, the pressure drop in the range of the right, which does not affect the waste heat boiler pressure operation.Waste heat boiler with natural circulation, selecting suitable circulation ratio, ensure the normal operation of the loop of the boiler.

Key word Waste heat boiler Sintering Natural circulation

目录

摘要 I

1.1 背景 1

1.2 国内外余热回收现状 1

1.2.1 国内余热回收现状 1

1.2.2 国外余热回收技术的现状 2

1.3 烧结余热回收技术 3

1.4 其他余热回收技术 3

1.5 结语以及展望 6

1.6 课题的必要性和意义 6

第二章 280m²烧结环冷机立式余热回收装置设计 7

2.1 设计要求 7

2.2 需要注意的问题 7

第三章 热力计算 8

3.1 蒸发量计算 8

3.2 热平衡计算 9

3.3 过热器设计 10

3.3.2 压力降计算 14

3.4.2 压力降 19

3.5 省煤器的设计 20

3.5.1 热力计算 20

3.5.2 压力降 24

3.6 汽包设计 25

3.7 下降管 26

参考文献 28

致谢 30

第一章 绪论

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