建筑30td太阳能热水工程设计研究毕业论文
2022-04-01 21:31:25
论文总字数:26894字
摘 要
太阳能是新能源和可再生能源开发利用的重要组成部分。我国太阳能资源非常充足,大部分地区的太阳能年辐射总量大于5020MJ/m2,年日照时数在2200小时以上。
太阳能光热利用是太阳能热利用的一种基本方式。近年来,随着建筑行业的逐渐发展,太阳能光热利用与建筑之间的联系越来越紧密,太阳能热水工程是太阳能低温热利用的一种主要利用方式。随着近年来建筑格局的不断发展,住宅建筑中选用太阳能热水系统所要考虑的问题也发生了较大的转变,太阳能热水系统逐渐朝着集体化、系统化的方向发展,其能源的利用也由单一的太阳能转换为太阳能 辅助能源(热泵)。
本文主要阐述了要求30t/d的太阳能热水工程的设计内容,太阳能热水工程主要的工作流程是太阳能集热器收集太阳能,通过循环系统,将热量传递给水,再通过控制系统进行控制,给用户提供热水。当受天气条件或其他原因的影响,使系统不能满足储存水加热指数,可使用加热系统的辅助热源使水的温度提高。因此,当我们在选用太阳能集热器时就需要选择符合当地天气条件的集热器,山东地区地处北半球纬度较高的地区,由于其年最低温度可达到零下10℃左右,所以我们需要选择可以在低温下工作的集热器类型;水泵的选择需要考虑到沿程阻力的影响,因此我们要将集热器的排布选择最佳方案;再有就是控制器的需求,由于太阳能热水工程中集热器是属于自行工作,不需要人工操作,因此对于控制器的智能化要求较高,而且我将选择的是定温放水系统,所以说温度传感器是一个必要的元件,这对于控制器来说又有一个比较高的要求;最后就是辅助热源的确定,一年之中会有很多的雨雪天以及阴天,这种天气下辅助热源就需要工作,而且当水温不能满足要求时,温度传感器也会传递信息,由控制器启动辅助能源加热水,知道温度达到要求,在控制辅助加热器关闭。
关键词:太阳能与建筑一体化 辅助热源 热水工程 集热器
Research on the design of building 30t/d solar hot water project
Abstract
Solar energy is an important part of the development and utilization of new energy and renewable energy. Solar energy resources are very rich, Ren out, the development and utilization of solar energy has a huge prospect. China's solar energy resources are very abundant, most of the annual total solar radiation is greater than 5020MJ/m2, the annual sunshine hours in more than 2200 hours.
Solar thermal utilization is one of the basic ways of utilizing solar energy. In recent years, with the gradual development of the construction industry, the relationship between solar thermal utilization and construction is more and more closely, the solar hot water project is a major use of solar low-temperature heat utilization. With in recent years construction pattern of continuous development, the residential building in selected solar hot water system to be considered the problem has also undergone a great change, solar water heating system is gradually moving towards a collective, system development direction, its energy use also by a single solar conversion for solar energy and auxiliary energy (heat pump).
This paper mainly expounds the design content of solar hot water projects 30t/d, solar hot water project main workflows is solar heat collector to collect solar energy, through the circulatory system, heat is transferred to water, through the control system, to the user provided hot water. When weather conditions or other reasons, the system can not meet the storage water heating index, the auxiliary heat source of the heating system can be used to increase the temperature of the water. Therefore, when you need to select the collector in accordance with local weather conditions we choose in the solar collector, the Shandong area is located in the northern hemisphere high latitude regions, due to its annual minimum temperature can reach minus 10℃, so we need to choose the type of collector can work at low temperature; the choice of pump the need to take into account the effects of frictional resistance, so we have arranged the collector to choose the best scheme; then there is the controller needs due to solar hot water collector is engineering itself, does not need manual operation, the intelligent controller for the demand is higher, and I will choose the water the system, so that the temperature sensor is a necessary element, which have a relatively high requirement for the controller is determined; finally the auxiliary heat source, a year There will be a lot of rain and snow day and cloudy, the weather of auxiliary heat source will need to work and when the water temperature can
not meet the requirements, temperature sensor will transfer information, by the controller start auxiliary water heating energy, know the temperature to meet the requirements, in the control of the auxiliary heating device closed.
Keywords: solar energy and building integration; auxiliary heat source; hot water project;
heat collector
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1课题的研究背景 1
1.2太阳能热水工程的介绍以及国内外的发展 1
1.3太阳能技术与建筑一体化研究现状 4
1.4本章小结 6
第二章 热力计算 7
2.1热水系统负荷计算 7
2.2太阳能热水系统集热器换热计算 10
2.2.1 集热器的选择 10
2.2.2 集热器总面积计算 13
2.2.3 集热器倾斜角度的确定 18
2.2.4 集热器前后排最小不遮光距离的计算 18
2.3本章小结 19
第三章 系统运转方式的选择 21
3.1太阳能热水系统的运转方式 21
3.2系统运转方式选择应考虑的问题 24
3.3本章小结 25
第四章 储水箱的设计 26
4.1水箱选型设计 26
4.2水箱保温设计 27
4.3本章总结 27
第五章 水泵的选型计算 28
5.1集热循环流量的计算 28
5.2集热循环主管道管径确定 28
5.3太阳能集热循环系统泵的选择 29
5.3.1 管网的沿程水头损失 29
5.3.2 强制循环泵的扬程 30
5.4本章总结 34
第六章 辅助热源计算 35
6.1日耗热量: 35
6.2设计小时耗热量 36
6.3容积式水加热器的设计小时供热量 36
6.4本章小结 37
第七章 安全设计及节能分析 38
7.1安全设计 38
7.2从能源角度来分析 39
7.3从效率角度来分析 40
7.4本章小结 41
第八章 总结 42
参考文献 43
附录 45
致谢 46
- 绪论
1.1 课题的研究背景
太阳能是开再生、不会被消耗完的自然能源,使用安全,操作方便,不会产生污染。这一点和现代工业的发展,交通运输业,化石燃料的发掘和利用所造成的严重的环境污染,使地球大气层遭到了严重的破坏这一方面不同。在环境不断遭受到破坏的今天,人们越来越多的注重对太阳能源的研究和使用,太阳能是未来能源结构的基础。
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