论文总字数：23064字

摘 要

本文介绍了重力热管的原理以及基本特性，并且列举出了影响热管传热特性的因素，然后从将要研究的方向介绍国内外重力热管在该方向上的研究现状。由于重力热管内部的相变过程较为复杂以及影响重力热管传热性能的因素较多，大多数文献是通过理论分析、实验研究和数值模拟三种方法对重力热管进行研究。本课题通过实验研究，从温度和压力两个指标对重力热管的传热性能进行评价。

本文采用的是不锈钢重力热管，其尺寸为总长600mm，外径20mm，壁厚1mm，重力热管内部工质为蒸馏水，充液高度是50mm。对实验方法充分了解，并搭建了重力热管传热特性实验台。

本文针对重力热管的加热功率（50W，75W，100W，125W，150W）、冷却水温度（10℃，15℃，20℃，25℃）、加热高度（30mm，50mm，70mm，100mm）、倾角（30°，50°，70°，90°）对传热性能进行实验研究。在研究范围内，重力热管的传热性能随着加热功率的升高而升高，在100W时最佳。冷却水温度在15℃和20℃时实验数据最为准确，误差小于5%。加热高度10cm时重力热管的传热性能比加热高度5cm时更强。倾角50°时，传热性能最佳。

关键词：重力热管；换热系数；加热功率；冷却水温度；加热高度；

ABSTRACT

In this paper, the principle and basic characteristics of gravity heat pipe are introduced, and the factors affecting the heat transfer characteristics of heat pipe are listed, and then the research status of gravity heat pipe at home and abroad in this direction is introduced from the direction to be studied. Due to the complexity of the phase transition process in the gravity heat pipe and the many factors affecting the heat transfer performance of the gravity heat pipe, most of the literature studies the gravity heat pipe through theoretical analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation. In this paper, the heat transfer performance of gravity heat pipe is evaluated from two indexes of temperature and pressure.

In this paper, stainless steel gravity heat pipe is used, the total length is 600 mm, the outer diameter is 20 mm, the wall thickness is 1 mm, the internal working fluid of gravity heat pipe is distilled water, and the height of liquid filling is 50 mm. The experimental method is fully understood, and the experimental platform for heat transfer characteristics of gravity heat pipe is set up.

In this paper, the heating power of gravity heat pipe (50W, 75W, 100W, 125W, 150W), the temperature of cooling water (10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃), the heating height (30mm, 50mm, 70mm, 100mm), the inclination angle (30 °, 50 °, 70 °), 90 °) the heat transfer performance was studied experimentally. In the research range, the heat transfer performance of gravity heat pipe increases with the increase of heating power, and the best at 100W. When the cooling water temperature is 15 ℃ and 20 ℃, the experimental data are the most accurate, and the error is less than 5%. Gravity heat when heating height 10cm The heat transfer performance of the tube is stronger than that of the heating height 5cm. When the inclination angle is 50 °, the heat transfer performance is the best.

Key words: gravity heat pipe; heat transfer coefficient; heating power; cooling water temperature; heating height;

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1课题的研究背景及意义 1

1.1.1热管简介 1

1.1.2重力热管简介 2

1.2重力热管传热性能的研究现状 2

1.2.1结构参数 2

1.2.2实验因素 4

1.3本课题的研究内容及意义 5

第二章 重力热管传热特性基础实验构建 7

2.1 引言 7

2.2实验装置 7

2.2.1待测热管 7

2.2.2 实验平台 8

2.2.2加热系统 9

2.2.3冷却系统 9

2.2.4保温系统 10

2.2.5数据采集系统 10

2.3实验方法 10

2.4传热性能评价 11

（1）换热系数 11

（2）热阻 11

（3）效率 11

2.5误差分析 12

2.6本章小结 12

第三章 重力热管传热特性实验结果与讨论 13

3.1 引言 13

3.2压力对比 13

3.3加热功率对传热性能影响 15

3.4冷却水对传热性能影响 17

3.5加热高度对传热性能影响 18

3.6倾角对传热特性的影响 20

3.7本章小结 22

第四章 结论与展望 24

4.1本文结论 24

4.2不足与展望 25

参考文献 26

符号说明 28

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