论文总字数：40609字

摘 要

迅速发展的国民经济，对我国的交通建设要求日益增大。我国国内各地的高速公路建设力度不断加大，作为测绘行业的我们在高速公路建设中起着极其重要的作用，尤其是为各项施工做准备的控制测量工作。建立准确的测量基准是测量工作的首要任务，为了建立精确的基准控制网，必须制定合理的测量方案。

根据工程的需要，不仅要设计出基准控制网的布置方案，还需要结合实际的工程需要给出明确地控制测量方案以及控制网的复测方案。具体的设计方案应包含以下内容：

1. 亲自到项目施工地，了解到的真实的工程概况，水文地质信息；
2. 选择合适的规范和依据，并利用其中的技术要求指导方案编制；
3. 控制网的设计和选埋方案，以及对控制点的保护措施；
4. 控制网平面坐标测量方法和控制网高程测量方法；
5. 控制网复测的具体方案；
6. 测量仪器和测绘人员的投入与分配情况。

在此次设计中，控制网的设计、测量，以及复测工作是所编写的方案的重点内容。这套方案能否在实际工程中的应用是判断这个方案是否合理的标准。在设计的实验中，还会去施工测量现场，结合所设计的方案完成一定量的控制测量任务。并对方案优化，达到应用于工程的目标。

关键词：控制网的布设 控制测量 GPS测量 水准测量 控制网复测

Establishment and Construction Measurement of Taihu Tunnel Control Network

ABSTRACT

   The rapidly developing national economy is increasingly demanding transportation construction in China. The construction of expressways in China is constantly increasing. As a surveying and mapping industry, we play an extremely important role in the construction of expressways, especially the control measurement work prepared for various constructions. Establishing accurate measurement benchmarks is the primary task of measurement work. In order to establish an accurate reference control network, a reasonable measurement plan must be established.

According to the needs of the project, it is necessary not only to design the layout scheme of the reference control network, but also to clearly control the measurement scheme and the retesting scheme of the control network in combination with the actual engineering needs. The specific design should include the following:

(1) Personally go to the project construction site, learn the real project overview, hydrogeological information;

(2) Choose the appropriate specifications and basis, and use the technical requirements to guide the programming;

(3)Control network design and selection scheme, and protection measures for control points;

(4) GPS measurement implementation method and level measurement implementation method;

(5) The method of retesting the control network;

(6) Input and distribution of personnel and equipment.

In this design, the design, measurement, and retesting of the control network is the focus of the prepared solution. Whether the program can be applied in actual projects is a criterion for judging whether this plan is reasonable. In the design experiment, the construction measurement site will also be completed, and a certain amount of control measurement tasks will be completed in combination with the designed scheme. Optimize the program to achieve the goal of engineering.

Keywords: control network layout, control measurement, GPS measurement, leveling, control network retest

目录

引言 4

第一章 工程概况 1

1.1 项目概况 1

1.2地质概况 1

第二章 编制的依据 3

第三章 控制网的设计和基准点的埋设与养护 4

3.1平面控制点和高程基准点的埋设 4

3.2选点 6

3.3埋石 7

3.3 基准点的保护 9

第四章 二等GPS控制测量 10

4.1 坐标系统 10

4.2 起算数据 10

4.3 二等GPS测量 10

第五章 二等水准测量 15

5.1高程系统 15

5.2 主要精度要求 15

5.3 起算数据 15

5.4水准测量 15

第六章 控制网的复测 18

6.1高程基准网复测 18

6.2二等平面基准网复测 23

6.3控制网复测的周期 27

第七章 人员与仪器设备投入情况 28

7.1投入测量人员 28

7.2投入的仪器设备 28

第八章 总结 30

参考文献 31

致谢 33

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