摘 要

随着新能源汽车的发展，锂离子动力电池因具有高能量密度、低自放电率、无记忆效应等优点受到了人们广泛欢迎，但锂离子电池安全问题突出，成为制约其发展的阻力之一。近年来，锂离子电动汽车火灾事故频发，给电动汽车的发展带来了较为深远的不良影响，严重制约了电动汽车的发展，对社会也造成了较为恶劣的影响。

目前市场上尚缺环保、低价、可有效处置锂离子电池火灾的高效灭火剂，如何有效应对锂离子电池火灾成为社会亟待解决的问题。细水雾灭火技术被认为是一种清洁、高效、可替代传统消防水的灭火方法，其不仅可扑灭B类火灾，还可以对E类火灾进行扑救。而锂离子电池火灾兼具B类火灾和E类火灾的特点，因此，本设计构建了一套高压细水雾灭火系统，并对车用18650型锂离子电池火灾进行了相关灭火实验。

本设计第一章介绍了车用锂离子电池、细水雾灭活技术等的研究现状，总结了现有研究的不足。第二章介绍了自主设计的车用锂离子电池组高压细水雾自动灭火装置。第三章对本设计提出的细水雾复合添加剂最佳配比及最佳浓度实验测试的实验方案及其实验装置进行了介绍。第四、第五章对细水雾复合添加剂最佳浓度及浓度实验数据进行了分析，并阐述了细水雾灭火机理、对添加剂在细水雾灭火时所起的作用进行了介绍。在第六章中阐述了本设计在试验和设计中产生的一些结论，并对今后的工作进行了展望。

关键词：锂离子电池 细水雾 灭火 添加剂 尿素 三乙醇胺

New Water Mist Fire Extinguishing Technology and Design for Lithium ion Battery for Vehicle

ABSTRACT

With the development of new energy vehicles, lithium-ion power batteries have been widely welcomed due to their high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect. However, lithium-ion battery safety is a prominent problem and has become one of the resistances restricting its development. . In recent years, the frequent occurrence of fire accidents in lithium-ion electric vehicles has brought about far-reaching adverse effects on the development of electric vehicles, severely restricting the development of electric vehicles and causing relatively bad effects on society.

At present, there is a lack of environmentally friendly, low-cost, high-efficiency fire-extinguishing agents that can effectively dispose of lithium-ion battery fires. How to effectively deal with lithium-ion battery fires has become an urgent problem for the society. Water mist fire extinguishing technology is considered to be a clean, efficient and alternative fire extinguishing method for traditional fire water. It can not only extinguish Class B fires, but also save against Class E fires. The lithium-ion battery fire has the characteristics of Class B fire and Class E fire. Therefore, this design constructs a high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system, and carries out related fire extinguishing experiments on the 18650 lithium-ion battery fire.

The first chapter of this design introduces the research status of lithium ion batteries for vehicles and water mist inactivation technology, and summarizes the shortcomings of existing research. The second chapter introduces the self-designed high-pressure water mist automatic fire extinguishing device for lithium-ion battery packs for vehicles. The third chapter introduces the experimental scheme and experimental equipment of the optimal ratio and optimal concentration experimental test of the fine water mist composite additive proposed in this design. The fourth and fifth chapters analyzed the optimal concentration and concentration experimental data of the fine water mist composite additive, and explained the mechanism of the water mist fire extinguishing and the role of the additive in the water mist fire extinguishing. In the sixth chapter, some conclusions about the design and design of the design are expounded, and the future work is prospected.

Keywords: Lithium-ion battery; Water mist; Fire extinguishing; Additive; Urea, Triethanolamine

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 背景 1

1.2 研究现状 2

1.2.1 锂离子电池现状研究 2

1.2.2 细水雾灭火技术研究 4

1.2.3 细水雾添加剂的研究 5

1.3 研究目的及意义 5

1.3.1 研究目的 5

1.3.2 研究意义 6

参考文献 6

第二章 新型车用锂离子电池高压细水雾灭火系统的设计 10

2.1 设计意义 10

2.2 设计目的 10

2.3 设计相关参数 10

2.4 防护电池包介绍 12

相关图片展示：