论文总字数：17394字

摘 要

本实验探讨了可膨胀石墨（EG）/环氧树脂（EP）阻燃复合型材料的配方设计，探究不同可膨胀石墨的粒径、膨胀系数对环氧树脂复合材料阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，添加5wt%的EG（50目，膨胀系数350）的环氧树脂体系的LOI从纯环氧树脂体系的20.4%提高到25.7%。添加10wt%的EG（50目，膨胀系数350）的环氧树脂体系的垂直燃烧到达了V-0级。可膨胀石墨/环氧树脂体系的样条热解的初始温度均降低，50目EG形成的炭层比80目EG形成的炭层更加致密，更能减缓环氧树脂体系的热降解。力学性能测试表明，纯EP的弯曲强度和拉伸强度分别为为96.3 MPa和59.8 MPa，而加入5wt%可膨胀石墨（50目，膨胀系数350）的环氧树脂体系的力学性能是最好的，弯曲强度和拉伸强度分别为弯72.2 MPa和50.3 MPa，可膨胀石墨/环氧树脂体系的力学性能较纯环氧树脂体系略有降低，能有效维持环氧树脂基体的力学性能。

关键词：环氧树脂；可膨胀石墨；目数；膨胀系数；阻燃性能

ABSTRACT

This experiment explores the formulation design of expandable graphite (EG)/epoxy resin (EP) flame retardant composite materials, and explores the particle size and expansion coefficient of different expandable graphites on the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of epoxy resin composites. Balancing the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the composite to achieve the highest quality formulation of expandable graphite/epoxy flame retardant composite materials. Among them, the LOI of the epoxy resin system to which 5wt% of EG (50 mesh, expansion coefficient 350) was added was increased from 20.4% to 25.7% of the pure epoxy resin system. The vertical combustion of an epoxy resin system to which 10 wt% of EG (50 mesh, expansion coefficient 350) was added reached the V-0 level. The initial temperature of the spline pyrolysis of the expandable graphite/epoxy resin system is reduced, and the carbon layer formed by the 50 mesh EG is denser than the carbon layer formed by the 80 mesh EG, and the thermal degradation of the epoxy resin system is more moderated. The mechanical properties test showed that the flexural strength and tensile strength of pure EP were 96.3 MPa and 59.8 MPa, respectively, while the mechanical properties of epoxy resin system with 5wt% expandable graphite (50 mesh, expansion coefficient 350) were the best. The flexural strength and tensile strength are 72.2 MPa and 50.23 MPa, respectively. The mechanical properties of the expandable graphite/epoxy resin system are slightly lower than those of the pure epoxy resin system, and the mechanical properties of the epoxy resin matrix can be effectively maintained.

Keywords: Expandable graphite; Epoxy resin; Flame retardant; Mesh; Coefficient of expansion

目录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 前言 1

1.1国内外背景 1

1.2 环氧树脂的介绍及应用 1

1.2.1 环氧树脂的介绍 1

1.2.2 环氧树脂的应用 2

1.3环氧树脂的阻燃研究 3

1.4阻燃机理 4

1.5膨胀型阻燃剂的研究现状 5

1.6研究目的以及内容 6

第二章 可膨胀石墨/环氧树脂阻燃复合型材料的制备 7

2.1实验材料 7

2.2实验仪器 7

2.3制备过程 8

2.3.1配方实验 8

2.3.2实验步骤 8

2.3.3固化过程 9

2.3.4.实验注意事项 9

2.4测试和表征 10

2.4.1环氧树脂固化工艺研究 10

2.4.2极限氧指数法（LOI） 10

2.4.3垂直燃烧测试(UL-94) 11

2.4.4热重分析（TGA） 11

2.4.5拉伸测试 12

2.4.6弯曲测试 13

第三章 结果与讨论 14

3.1可膨胀石墨/环氧树脂复合材料LOI测试 14

3.2 垂直燃烧测试 15

3.3可膨胀石墨/环氧树脂复合材料热重分析（TGA） 16

3.4可膨胀石墨/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸测试 19

3.5可膨胀石墨/环氧树脂复合材料的弯曲测试 21

第四章 结论 23

参考文献 24

致谢 26

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