论文总字数：21464字

摘 要

上世纪九十年代以来，电子产品尤其是手机等越来越朝着微型化、智能化方向发展，产品制造成本也越来越低廉。二十一世纪初，iPhone的问世引领着手机的发展潮流，有如下四个特点：其一是大尺寸LCD显示器，其二是大尺寸触摸屏，其三是整机愈发的薄，其四是重量越来越轻。然而，手机在运输和使用过程中，有接近八成的损坏是发生在跌落碰撞或直接或间接之后。跌落碰撞造成的损坏有三点：第一，结构完整性破坏；第二，结构功能性破坏也；第三，产品工艺性破坏。通过物理实验进行手机跌落试验存在着一些缺陷，最根本的是不可避免的误差和不可减少的时间成本以及制造成本。当然物理试验还是有必要的。随着计算机技术的发展，有限元法（FEM）逐渐得到了普及。通过计算机进行有限元仿真，大大地降低了时间和开发成本，从而缩短了研发周期。

本文研究手机的自由落地过程所产生速度的变化以及落地的瞬间手机等效最大应力，并且分析有塑料手机套保护下的落地的过程，并通过比较得到不同姿态手机的保护套对手机作用大小。本文所做的工作与得到的结论如下：

（1）通过SolidWorks三维建模软件对手机进行了简化建模；

（2）在有限元分析软件Abaqus中对手机裸机和带保护套的情况进行了四种不同跌落姿态的模拟仿真，同时也对前处理过程进行了论述；

（3）手机屏幕和后盖落地后所受接触最大应力在大多数情况下是一致的；

（4）手机裸机在跌落过程中Y轴方向的速度先上升到最高值附近，再衰减震荡；

（5）手机在底棱接触地面时所受应力最大，设计师要注意该跌落姿态下的研究；

（6）手机保护套的结构和材料要做到优化。

关键词：跌落；有限元；Abaqus/explicit；电子产品

Abstract

Since the 1990s, electronic products, especially mobile phones, have become more and more miniaturized and intelligent, and their manufacturing costs have become lower and lower.At the beginning of the 21st century, the advent of iPhone led the development trend of mobile phone, which has the following four characteristics: first, large-size LCD display, second, large-size touch screen, third, the whole machine is getting thinner, and fourth, the weight is getting lighter.However, nearly 80 per cent of the damage to mobile phones during transport and use occurs after a crash, either directly or indirectly.The damage caused by falling collision has three aspects: first, the structural integrity is damaged;Second, structural functional failure;Third, the product process of destruction.There are some defects in the falling test of mobile phone through physical experiment, the most fundamental of which is the inevitable error and the unreducible time cost and manufacturing cost.Of course, physical experiments are necessary.With the development of computer technology, finite element method (FEM) has been popularized gradually.The finite element simulation by computer greatly reduces the time and development cost, thus shortens the research and development cycle.

In this paper, the change of the speed generated by the free landing process of mobile phone and the equivalent maximum stress of mobile phone at the moment of landing are studied, and the landing process with plastic mobile phone cover is analyzed, and the effect of the protective cover of mobile phone with different posture on mobile phone is obtained by comparing.The work and conclusions of this paper are as follows:

(1) Simplified mobile phone modeling through SolidWorks 3d modeling software;

(2) In the finite element analysis software Abaqus, four kinds of falling posture simulation are carried out for the naked mobile phone and the mobile phone with protective cover. Meanwhile, the pretreatment process is also discussed in detail.

(3) The maximum contact stress of the mobile phone screen and the back cover after landing is consistent in most cases;

(4) During the falling process of the naked mobile phone, the speed in the Y-axis direction first rises to near the highest value, and then attenuates the shock;

(5) The stress on the phone is the greatest when the bottom edge touches the ground. The designer should pay attention to the research on the falling posture；

（6）The structure and material of the case should be optimized.

Key Words: drop; finite element; Abaqus/explicit; electronic products

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 6

1.1研究背景及意义 6

1.2国内外研究现状 6

1.2.1国外研究现状 6

1.2.2国内研究现状 6

1.3本课题的研究内容和研究方法 8

1.3.1研究内容 8

1.3.2研究方法 8

第二章 手机跌落过程理论分析 9

2.1手机跌落过程冲击理论分析 9

2.1.1牛顿碰撞冲击理论 9

2.1.2手机跌落冲击的理论分析 10

2.2有限元法与Abaqus软件介绍 11

2.2.1有限元法 11

2.2.2Abaqus软件介绍 11

2.3.3仿真过程介绍 11

第三章 手机三维建模 13

3.1手机建模软件介绍 13

3.2手机三维建模过程 13

3.3本章小结 15

第四章 手机裸机有限元建模及前处理 16

4.1部件与草图绘制 16

4.1.1几何清理功能的使用 16

4.1.2定义地面 16

4.1.3删除多余面 16

4.2定义材料属性 16

4.3装配零部件 17

4.4划分网格 17

4.5定义分析步 18

4.6设置相互作用 18

4.7设置载荷与边界条件 18

4.8本章小结 18

第五章 手机裸机跌落过程后处理结果分析 20

5.1手机单个零部件落地结果分析 20

5.2手机裸机跌落四种姿态的的模拟仿真分析 20

5.2.1平躺跌落姿态 21

5.2.2横躺跌落姿态 22

5.2.3竖直跌落姿态 22

5.2.4底棱跌落姿态 23

5.3四种跌落情况对比 23

5.4手机下落过程速度分析 24

5.5本章小结 26

第六章 手机带保护套跌落过程仿真 27

6.1前处理 27

6.2手机带保护套的四种跌落姿态模拟仿真分析 27

6.2.1平躺跌落姿态 27

6.2.2横躺跌落姿态 28

6.2.3竖直跌落姿态 29

6.2.4底棱跌落姿态 29

6.3手机带保护套跌落四种姿态对比以及保护效果分析 29

6.4本章小结 30

第七章 工程认证部分 31

7.1经济分析 31

7.1.1手机研发部门 31

7.1.2手机保护套研发部门 31

7.1.3手机流通环节 31

7.2环保与可持续发展 31

第八章 总结与展望 32

8.1总结 32

8.2展望 32

参考文献 33

致谢 35

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景及意义

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