论文总字数：15150字

摘 要

当今时代快速发展，各项工业水平都在飞速提高。为了满足诸多工业发展的需要，各式各样的化工设备就此诞生了。在很多化工设备中，都离不开一个基本元件，阀门。阀门可以控制通道中介质的流速，流量，便于介质的运输。阀门不但广泛应用于工业生产，也同样涉及到了我们生活的方方面面。正是有了阀门的广泛运用，才有了当今时代的快速发展和人民生活水平的显著提高。

阀门在发展期间，也演变出多种多样的阀门，例如闸阀，球阀，止回阀，调节阀等等，它们在不同的工作地点发挥着自己的作用，球阀是其中一种。球阀的结构很有特点，球阀的球体可以做特殊运动，这也是球阀的特点直以。球阀的各方面性能都很优秀，至今发展已有七十多年了。固定球球阀则又是新一代高性能的球阀，它有强度高，安全性强，耐恶劣环境等许多特点，这些特点使它得到更加广泛的应用。

此次毕业设计是设计一个DN250，PN63的固定球球阀，先介绍球阀的发展与原理，然后介绍固定球阀。文中主要写的是固定球球阀的设计过程，其中包括密封比压的比较，球体的选择二，阀体的确定，阀杆的校核及法兰的计算与校核等，通过这些详细的计算达成设计出一个符合要求的固定球阀，然后完成相关图纸绘制。

关键词： 球阀 固定球阀 法兰校核

Design of DN250 PN63 fixed ball valve

Abstract

With the rapid development of the times, the level of various industries is improving rapidly. In order to meet the needs of many industrial development, a variety of chemical equipment was born. In many chemical equipment, it is inseparable from a basic component, valve. The valve can control the flow rate and flow rate of medium in the channel, so as to facilitate the transportation of medium. Valves are not only widely used in industrial production, but also in all aspects of our lives. It is with the wide use of valves that the rapid development of today's times and the remarkable improvement of people's living standards are achieved.

During the development of valves, there are also a variety of valves, such as gate valve, ball valve, check valve, regulating valve, etc. they play their own roles in different working places, ball valve is one of them. The structure of the ball valve is very characteristic. The opening and closing parts of the ball valve, namely the ball, are driven by the valve rod in the ball valve, and the ball can rotate around the axis of the valve, which has been developed for more than 70 years. Fixed ball valve is a new generation of high-performance ball valve. It has many characteristics, such as high strength, strong safety, and resistance to harsh environment. These characteristics make it more widely used.

This graduation project is to design a DN250, PN63 ball valve. First, it introduces the development and principle of the ball valve, and then it introduces the fixed ball valve. This paper mainly describes the design process of the fixed ball valve, including the comparison of the sealing pressure ratio, the selection of the ball, the determination of the valve body, the check of the valve rod and the calculation and check of the flange, etc. through these detailed calculations, a qualified fixed ball valve is designed, and then the relevant drawings are drawn.

Key words: globe valve ;Fixed ball valve ;Flange check

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 球阀的定义以及工作原理 1

1.2选题意义 2

1.3国内外发展现状 2

第二章 固定球球阀的设计计算 5

2.1 阀体材料选择 5

2.2 阀门结构长度 6

2.3 计算球阀壁厚 6

2.4 球体的设计与计算 7

2.5 法兰设计 7

2.5.1法兰参数 7

2.5.2中法兰螺栓强度校核 8

2.6 密封比压的验算 9

2.6.1 阀座对球体的压力 11

2.6.2 阀座密封面的实际工作比压（MPa） 12

2.7 阀座自动泄压的计算 13

2.8 计算球阀的转矩 13

2.9 阀杆强度计算 16

2.9.1 阀杆与球体相连处的校核 16

2.9.2 阀杆强度校核 18

第三章 经济核算 18

3.1原材料计算 18

3.2人工成本计算 19

第四章 总结 20

参考文献 21

致谢 23

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