论文总字数：22106字

摘 要

变压器是电力系统中最重要的设备,由于设备的长期运行，变压器内的绝缘油和有机绝缘材料在各种因素的作用下产生影响设备正常运行的气体，所以必须采取一定措施分离出这些气体。采用油气分离系统除去油中溶解气体而无需对变压器中气体组分进行复杂的分析，这样既能减少复杂的操作监控,更可减少变压器不必要的事故停用。

以流程工业中极为常见的热工参数温度的控制为背景，详细介绍了变压器油气分离控制装置硬件设计流程，主要针对课题中油气分离温度，压力信号采集和控制的硬件部分设计进行了详细的阐述。首先介绍了油气分离技术以及目前在线检测的技术的发展现状。其次，介绍了课题设计中应用的元器件的特性，包括主要的芯片STM32F103RB等的特性和硬件最小系统。接着按照各模块分别介绍了硬件设计的各项内容，包括总体的设计方案，加热模块、温度信号采集模块、齿轮泵模块等重要模块。同时对硬件开发的平台和PCB图的布局和布线进行详细的介绍，最后完成软硬件的联合调试工作，在此基础上提出了设计中的不足之处和对今后的一些要求。论文结尾附有原理图以及PCB图。

关键词：变压器 油气分离 温度 STM32F103RB PCB图

The hardware design of Transformer oil separator control device

Abstract

The transformer is the most important power system equipment, due to the long run, the transformer insulating oil and gas produced organic insulating material impact on the normal operation of the device under the influence of various factors, it is necessary to take certain measures to isolate these gases. The use of oil and gas separation system to remove dissolved gases in oil and gas components without the need for a transformer complex analysis, so that both reduce the complexity of the operation monitoring, but also reduce unnecessary accidents transformer disabled.

To control the process industry extremely common thermal parameters of temperature as the background, detailing the transformer oil separator hardware design flow control device, the hardware part of the main design issues in oil and gas separation temperature, pressure signal acquisition and control for a detailed exposition . First introduced the development of oil and gas separation technology and the current line detection technology. Secondly, the introduction of the components of the design characteristics of the subject application, including such major chip STM32F103RB minimal features and hardware systems. Then each module were introduced in accordance with the contents of the hardware design, including important module of the overall design, the heating module, the temperature signal acquisition module, gear pump module. While the hardware development platform and PCB layout and wiring diagram detailed introduction to finalize the joint commissioning of hardware and software, based on this proposed design deficiencies and some of the requirements for the future. The end of the paper with a schematic and PCB diagram.

Keywords: Transformer ;Separation of oil and gas;Temperature ;STM32F103RB;PCB diagram

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

目 录 III

第一章 引言 1

1.1 选题背景及研究意义 1

1.2 变压器油中溶解气体的在线检测技术 1

1.2.1 气相色谱在线检测技术 1

1.2.2 红外在线技术和光声光谱技术 2

1.2.3 传感器阵列在线检测技术 3

1.3 变压器油温的在线检测技术 4

1.4 油气分离技术国内外发展现状及趋势 4

1.5 油气分离技术的展望 4

第二章 系统介绍 6

2.1 相关元器件的介绍 6

2.2 最小系统 11

2.2.1 主芯片电路 11

2.2.2 电源电路 12

2.2.3 复位电路 12

2.2.4 晶振电路 14

第三章 油气分离装置硬件电路设计和实现 15

3.1 系统总体设计方案 15

3.2 加热模块 16

3.3 温度信号采集模块 17

3.4 齿轮泵模块 19

3.5 气泵模块 20

3.6 报警模块 20

3.6.1 压力控制模块 20

3.6.2 漏油检测模块 21

3.7 485通讯模块 21

3.8 JTAG调试模块 23

第四章 硬件设计平台及PCB绘制 24

4.1 开发工具Altium Designer 24

4.1.1 Altium Designer开发界面 24

4.1.2 设计流程 24

4.2 PCB板的分类 25

4.3 印制电路板的合理布局 25

4.4 印制电路板的布线 26

4.5 电路板的焊接 27

第五章 系统调试 28

5.1硬件系统调试方案设计 28

5.2调试内容 28

5.3调试结果 28

结语 31

参考文献 32

致谢 33

附录1：油气分离控制装置硬件系统原理图 34

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