论文总字数：11974字

摘 要

二次锂电池具有其它能源没有具备的许多优点，特点有工作电压高、质量轻、比能量大、自放电小、循环寿命小、无记忆效应、环境污染小等等。^【1】目前锂离子电池的正极材料常用的有钴酸锂、镍酸锂等。钴酸锂目前是唯一大量应用的正极材料，但原料价格高，安全性差，使用有着重大的事故隐患。镍钴锰三元材料的可逆比容量比钴酸锂更高，是作为锂离子电池正极的理想材料，可以更好的满足大部分电池产品的性能要求。^【2】本文是用同轴静电纺丝法制备了镍钴锰三元材料，将纺丝后的样品经过500摄氏度预烧，再提升到850摄氏度烧结，使用X射线衍射法确定了样品的成分为LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂，用扫描电镜法分别观察了纺丝后和烧结后的样品形貌。制备成电极后用蓝电系统测试了样品的电化学性能，LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂正极材料能量密度高，循环稳定性好，循环保持率也比较高。能够有效的提高锂离子电池的性能。

关键词：锂离子电池 同轴静电纺丝法 LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂

Preparation of Three - element Nickel - rich Materials for Lithium Batteries by Coaxial Electrospinning

Abstract

Secondary lithium battery with other energy does not have many advantages, characterized by high working voltage, light weight, specific energy, self-discharge small, small cycle life, no memory effect, environmental pollution and so on. Lithium ion battery is currently used in the cathode material commonly used lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide and so on. Lithium cobalt oxide is currently the only large number of applications of cathode materials, but the high price of raw materials, poor security, the use of a major accident has hidden dangers. The reversible specific capacity of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is higher than that of the lithium cobaltate, and it is the ideal material for the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery, which can better meet the performance requirements of most battery products. In this paper, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials were prepared by coaxial electrospinning. The samples were sintered at 500 degrees Celsius and then sintered at 850 degrees Celsius. The composition of the samples was determined to be LiNi0 by X-ray diffraction. 6Co0.2Mn0.2O2, respectively. The morphology of the samples after spinning and sintering was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical performance of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 material was excellent, the cycle stability was good and the cycle retention rate was also high. Can effectively improve the performance of lithium-ion battery.

Key Words: lithium ion battery; coaxial electrospinning method; LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂

目 录

摘要……………………………………………………………………Ⅰ

ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………… Ⅱ

第一章 引言……………………………………………………………1

• 1. 研究背景……………………………………………………………………1
  2. 锂离子电池概述…………………………………………………………….1

1.2.1 锂离子电池发展历史…………………………………………………1

1.2.2锂离子电池工作原理…………………………………………………2

• 1. 锂离子电池正极材料……………………………………………………….2

1.3.1 锂离子电池正极材料选取条件………………………………………2

1.3.2常见的锂离子电池正极材料的分类………………………………2

• 1. 三元材料的发展…………………………………………………………4

第二章 实验……………………………………………………………5

2.1 实验原料………………………………………………………………5

2.2 实验仪器………………………………………………………………6

2.3 LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂(NCM622)样品的制备……………………………7

2.3.1 样品制备步骤………………………………………………7

• • 1. 同轴静电纺丝法……………………………………………7

第三章 结果与讨论……………………………………………………8

3.1 XRD分析…………………………………………………………8

3.1.1 XRD原理……………………………………………………8

3.1.2 图谱分析……………………………………………………8

3.2 SEM分析…………………………………………………………9

3.2.1 扫描电镜工作原理…………………………………………9

3.2.2 形貌分析……………………………………………………11

3.3 电化学性能测试…………………………………………………12

总结……………………………………………………………………13

参考文献………………………………………………………………14

第一章 引言

1.1 研究背景

最近几年，电力行业发展迅速，节能环保成为全球性的话题，我国对于电力的发展也非常重视。由于传统能源对环境的污染愈发严重，加上越用越少，发现并利用新能源迫在眉睫，新能源在节能环保方面也有着诸多优势。但是，由于例如太阳能、风能、地热能、氢能等的新能源存在诸多问题，比如需要政府大力扶持，需要更大的产业发展规模，发展速度慢，需要更高的成本然而效率过低，地域等不确定因素的影响，使得这些新能源的发现和发展受到阻碍。锂离子电池的发展已经有了二十多年的历史，由于具备许多独特的优势，发展一直比较迅猛，许多科学家将精力放在了它的研究工作上，大众也对其广泛关注。

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