论文总字数：31350字

摘 要

银纳米结构具有优异的物理和化学特性，被广泛应用于透明电极、工业催化和医药抗菌等领域。此外，银纳米结构还具有表面等离激元共振的特性，可应用于光伏电池中。本文首先分别采用了水热法和溶剂热法制备出Ag@C纳米线和Ag纳米线。实验表明3小时的水热反应能合成出长径比为740的Ag@C纳米线，但由于其表面较厚的无定形碳鞘层而不具备导电能力。在长链PVP-K90作用下，利用溶剂热法合成出长径比146~360的Ag纳米线。其次，在200℃的最佳退火温度下，通过旋涂法和退火处理，成功制备出550nm处透光率85.63%，方阻13.88Ω/的AgNW透明导电薄膜。最后，将Ag纳米线直接作为钙钛矿全介观太阳能电池的电极结构，实现0.98%的光电转换效率。

关键词：水热法 溶剂热法 Ag@C Ag纳米线 透明导电薄膜

Effect of Silver Nanostructures on Photovoltaic Cell Performance

Abstract

Due to their excellent physical and chemical properties, silver nanostructures are widely used in transparent electrodes, industrial catalysis, and pharmaceutical antibacterials. Silver nanostructures ,also having surface plasmon resonance properties ,can be applied to photovoltaic cells. Firstly, Ag@C nanowires and Ag nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal method and solvothermal method, respectively. Experiments show that the 3-hour hydrothermal reaction can synthesize Ag@C nanowires with an aspect ratio of 740, but it does not have electrical conductivity due to its thick amorphous carbon sheath. Under the action of long-chain PVP-K90, Ag nanowires with a length-to-diameter ratio of 146-360 were synthesized by solvothermal method. Secondly, the transparent conductive film, whose transmittance at 550 nm was 85.63% and the square resistance was 13.88Ω/, was fabricated by spin coating and annealing at an optimum annealing temperature of 200℃. Finally, the Ag nanowire is directly used as the electrode structure of the perovskite full mesoscopic solar cell, and finally achieves a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 0.98%.

Key Words: Hydrothermal Method; Solvothermal Method; Ag@C; Ag Nanowires; Transparent Conductive Films

目 录

摘要………………………………………………………………………………… I

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………… II

第一章 绪论……………………………………………………………………… 1

1.1 引言…………………………………………………………………………1

1.2 金属纳米结构对太阳能电池性能的研究进展……………………………1

1.3 银纳米线制备的研究进展…………………………………………………3

1.4 研究内容和意义……………………………………………………………4

第二章 水热法制备高长径比的Ag@C纳米线………………………………5

2.1 引言…………………………………………………………………………5

2.2 实验部分……………………………………………………………………6

2.2.1 实验材料……………………………………………………………6

2.2.2 Ag@C纳米线的制备…………………………………………………7

2.2.3 反应时间对Ag@C纳米线形貌的影响…………………………… 7

2.3 Ag@C纳米线的结构及其形貌表征……………………………………… 9

2.3.1 表征技术………………………………………………………… 9

2.3.2 Ag@C纳米线表征………………………………………………… 10

第三章 溶剂热法制备Ag纳米线……………………………………………15

3.1 引言……………………………………………………………………… 15

3.2 实验部分………………………………………………………………… 16

3.2.1 实验材料………………………………………………………… 16

3.2.2 Ag纳米线的制备………………………………………………… 17

3.3 PVP链长对Ag纳米线形貌的影响及其表征…………………………… 17

第四章 银纳米线透明导电薄膜的制备及其在光伏电池中的应用……………………………………………………………………………………21

4.1 引言……………………………………………………………………… 21

4.2 实验设备………………………………………………………………… 22

4.3 Ag@C纳米线导电性能的研究…………………………………………… 22

4.4 旋涂法制备Ag纳米线薄膜及其性能的研究……………………………26

4.5 Ag纳米线透明导电薄膜对光伏电池的效率研究……………………… 31

第五章 总结与展望…………………………………………………………… 33

5.1 实验总结………………………………………………………………… 33

5.2 前景展望………………………………………………………………… 33

参考文献………………………………………………………………………… 35

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………38

第一章 绪论

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