论文总字数：20060字

摘 要

污水在生化处理过程中,会产生大量的剩余污泥，如果对剩余污泥处理不恰当会造成严重的二次污染。本文通过处理甲醇模拟废水，测定SVI、MLSS、MLVSS等指标，对比考察ABR反应器和常规厌氧反应器处理有机废水效果和反应器中污泥特性和削减情况。 （1）通过测定厌氧污泥的SVI，发现常规厌氧反应器的SVI值一开始较大，随后基本呈现下降的趋势，并趋向平缓，最后保持在75-80之间。而ABR反应器的各个隔室的SVI值均低于常规厌氧反应器，且波动较小。因此，相比于常规厌氧反应器，ABR反应器隔室内污泥的凝聚性和沉降性相对较好。 （2）通过测定MLVSS/MLSS来研究ABR和常规厌氧装置中污泥的生长状况，发现常规厌氧反应器的MLVSS/MLSS在63.0%以上，要高于ABR反应器。ABR反应器稳定后各隔室的MLVSS/MLSS是：第一隔室62.0%gt;第二隔室57.2%gt;第三隔室52.8%。 （3）ABR反应器启动时进水COD浓度为2300mg/L左右，运行29天后，ABR反应器总去除率从79.4%上升到95.3%，常规厌氧反应器的COD去除率从41.2%上升到87.1%。当进水COD浓度提升至3200mg/L左右，常规厌氧反应器的COD去除率从77.1%下降到65.1%；而ABR的去除率从95.3%下降到86.1%，COD去除率受有机负荷的影响较小，ABR反应器的抗冲击负荷能力较强。

关键词： ABR反应器 污泥特性 沉降性能 去除率

Research on ABR reactor for sludge characteristics

Abstract

Huge excess sludge were produced in the process of biological treatment when treating waste water. Improper disposal of excess sludge caused serious secondary pollution. By measuring the SVI、MLSS、MLVSS of sludge, the comparative study on treatment efficiencies, sludge characteristics and sludge reduction were completed for the ABR reactor and conventional anaerobic reactor with methanol waste water.

(1) By measuring SVI, the results showed that the SVI value was large in the beginning and then basically showing a downward tendency and plainness, finally the SVI value is between 75 and 80. While the SVI of each compartment of ABR reactor is less fluctuate and lower than conventional anaerobic reactor. By comparing with the conventional anaerobic reactor, the ABR reactor showed a better status of the sludge cohesion and settling.

(2) The article studied the growth status of sludge in ABR reactor and conventional anaerobic reactor by measuring MLVSS/MLSS, the results showed that the MLVSS/MLSS in conventional anaerobic reactor was about 63.0%, which higher than ABR reactor. The MLVSS/MLSS of each compartment in ABR reactor was the first compartment 62.0%gt; second compartment 57.2%gt; third compartment 52.3%.

(3) At the beginning the influent COD concentration was around 2300mg/L, after running for 29 days, the removal rate of ABR reactor increased from 79.4% to 95.3%, while the removal rate of conventional anaerobic reactor increased from 41.2% to 87.1%. When the influent COD concentration increased to about 3200mg/L, the removal rate of conventional anaerobic reactor decreased from 77.1% to 65.1%, while removal rate of ABR reactor decreased from 95.3% to 86.1%. It is proved that the organic loading had less effect on the COD removal rate of ABR reactor and the shock resistance of ABR reactor was stronger.

Key ward: ABR reactor; Sludge characteristics; Settling property; Removal rate

目 录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 我国水污染现状简介 1

1.2 国内外主要的污泥消减技术 1

1.2.1解偶联技术 1

1.2.2 污泥溶胞技术 1

1.2.3 微型动物捕食污泥技术 2

1.3 污泥特性 2

1.3.1 污泥龄 2

1.3.2 污泥负荷 2

1.3.3污泥的沉降性能 3

1.3.4污泥的厌氧消化 3

1.4 厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)工艺 3

1.4.1 厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)工艺产生的背景 4

1.4.2 厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)工艺的基本原理 4

1.4.3 ABR反应器的构造与工艺特征 5

第二章 实验装置与实验方法 6

2.1 实验装置 6

2.2 实验试剂 8

2.3 实验仪器 8

2.4 实验填料 9

2.5 实验内容 9

2.5.1 实验水样 9

2.5.2 污泥接种参数 9

2.5.3 检测项目及方法 10

第三章 ABR与常规厌氧的污泥特性的研究 11

3.1 污泥颗粒效果图 11

3.2 结果与分析 12

3.2.1 运行时间对SVI的影响 12

3.2.2 运行时间对MLVSS/MLSS的影响 13

3.2.3 ABR反应器COD与MLVSS浓度的变化 14

3.2.4 常规厌氧反应器COD与MLVSS浓度的变化 18

3.2.5 污泥中无机产率分析 19

3.3 本章小结 20

第四章 结论与建议 21

4.1 结论 21

4.2 建议 21

参考文献 23

致 谢 25

第一章 绪论

1.1 我国水污染现状简介

据不完全统计，在有地表水经过城市的区域中，有机污染的情况比较严重。

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