论文总字数：18663字

摘 要

本文用失重法对G105钢在江苏油田钻井用氯化钾型钻井液的腐蚀影响因素时间、KCl加入量、温度、钻速等进行了研究并对该环境中使用的缓蚀剂进行了筛选；在筛选出的低浓度单品种缓蚀剂的基础上对低浓度两个品种复合的缓蚀剂进行筛选；在筛选出的低浓度双品种缓蚀剂的基础上对三个品种复合的低浓度缓蚀剂进行筛选；在筛选出的三品种低浓度缓蚀剂的基础上对多个品种低浓度复合的缓蚀剂进行筛选；利用极化曲线、交流阻抗和滞后环等电化学方法对筛选出缓蚀剂进行了缓蚀机理研究。研究结果表明G105钢的腐蚀速率随时间的增大而逐渐减小；温度升高，腐蚀速率增大；KCl含量增加，腐蚀速率增大，当KCl含量为7%时，腐蚀速率最大，KCl含量超过7%后，对腐蚀有一定的抑制作用，腐蚀速率又开始减小；钻速增大，腐蚀速率增大。单品种缓蚀剂研究结果为1%水玻璃的缓蚀率为83.6%，1%二乙烯三胺的缓蚀率为81.9%，1%三乙烯四胺缓蚀率为80.1%，有较高的缓蚀率。水玻璃、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺两两复配的双组份缓蚀剂中1.6%水玻璃 0.4%三乙烯四胺，1.2%水玻璃 0.8%二乙烯三胺，1.6%二乙烯三胺 0.4%三乙烯四胺缓蚀效果较好。又通过正交实验选出多组分缓蚀剂中1.9%水玻璃 1.9%二乙烯三胺 0.1%三乙烯四胺缓蚀效果最好，其次为0.7%水玻璃 0.7%二乙烯三胺 0.1%三乙烯四胺，极差计算出最优组合为1.9%水玻璃 1.9%二乙烯三胺 1.9%三乙烯四胺。然后对上述几组实验选出的缓蚀效果较好的几组缓蚀剂进行实验验证，最终得出缓蚀效果最好的缓蚀剂组合为0.7%水玻璃 0.7%二乙烯三胺 0.1%三乙烯四胺。并利用电化学实验进行最优缓蚀剂组合的验证，得到三组份缓蚀剂0.7%水玻璃 0.7%二乙烯三胺 0.1%三乙烯四胺的缓蚀效果最佳。

关键词：KCl钻井液 缓蚀剂 腐蚀因素 腐蚀速率

Research corrosion factors and Inhibitor for G105

at KCL drilling fluid

Abstract

The paper mainly studies the corrosion factors for type steel G105 in KCl drilling fluid in Jiangsu Oilfield which contended time, the count of KCl, temperature, rate of penetration and the inhibitor used in the environment were screened; selected on the basis of a low concentration of corrosion inhibitor on a single species of low concentration of inhibitor compound two varieties screening; selected on the basis of a low concentration of the inhibitor double varieties of three species complex low the concentration of inhibitor screening; selected on the basis of three types of low concentration of the inhibitor of multiple varieties and low concentration of inhibitor compound screening; the use of polarization curve, AC impedance and hysteresis loop electrochemical methods selected corrosion inhibition mechanism were studied. The results of experimental shows that G105 steel corrosion rate increases with time decreases; the corrosion rate increases as the temperature increases; content of KCl increasing, the corrosion rate increases, when the KCl content of 7%, the corrosion rate of the largest, KCl content after more than 7%, to a certain degree of corrosion inhibition, corrosion rate began to decrease; the drilling rate increases, the corrosion rate increases. Corrosion studies of single species is 1% sodium silicate inhibition was 83.6%, 1% diethylenetriamine inhibition was 81.9%, 1% triethylenetetramine inhibition was 80.1%, a more high corrosion rates. Water glass, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine twenty-two two component inhibitor compound in 1.6% sodium silicate 0.4% triethylenetetramine, 1.2% sodium silicate 0.8% diethylenetriamine, 1.6% Diethylenetriamine 0.4% triethylenetetramine corrosion better. And selected by orthogonal multi-component inhibitor in 1.9% sodium silicate 1.9% diethylenetriamine 0.1% triethylenetetramine corrosion best, followed by 0.7% sodium silicate 0.7% diethylenetriamine amine 0.1% triethylenetetramine,

calculate the optimal combination of poor 1.9% 1.9% sodium silicate Diethylenetriamine 1.9% triethylenetetramine. Then he said several groups of experimental elect better corrosion inhibitor were several groups of experimental verification, and ultimately come to the best combination of corrosion inhibition effect was 0.7% 0.7% sodium silicate Diethylenetriamine 0.1% triethylenetetramine. And electrochemical corrosion experiments to validate the optimal combination to obtain a three-component corrosion inhibitor 0.7% 0.7% sodium silicate Diethylenetriamine 0.1% triethylenetetramine best inhibition effect; and the verification consistent with experimental results.

Keywords: KCL drilling fluid；Corrosion inhibitor ；Corrosion rate；Steel G105：

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract I

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 前言 1

1.2 腐蚀机理 1

1.3 常见的腐蚀类型 1

1.4 影响腐蚀因素 1

1.5 缓蚀剂种类及缓蚀机理 1

1.5.1 缓蚀剂种类 1

1.5.2 缓蚀机理 1

第二章 实验部分 1

2.1 前言 1

2.2 实验器材与实验试剂 1

2.2.1实验试剂 1

2.2.2实验器材 1

2.3 实验方法 1

2.3.1 制备泥浆 1

2.3.2 失重法 1

2.3.3 电化学实验 1

第三章 实验结果与结论 1

3.1 前言 1

3.2 影响 G105钢在KCl钻井液中腐蚀因素的研究 1

3.2.1 KCl浓度对腐蚀的影响 1

3.2.2 转速(r/min)对腐蚀的影响 1

3.2.3 温度(℃)对腐蚀的影响 1

3.2.3 腐蚀时间(h)对腐蚀的影响 1

3.3缓蚀剂的筛选 1

3.3.1 单组份缓蚀剂的筛选 1

3.2.2 多组份缓蚀剂的筛选 1

3.2.2.1 双组份缓蚀剂筛选 1

3.3.2.2 通过正交试验进一步筛选三组份缓蚀剂、 1

3.3.2.3 缓蚀剂的筛选 1

3.4 电化学法进行缓蚀剂的筛选和研究 1

3.4.1 极化曲线法研究缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理 1

3.4.2 交流阻抗法研究缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理 1

3.4.3 滞后环法研究缓蚀剂的点蚀 1

第四章 结论与展望 1

参考文献 1

致 谢 1

第一章 绪论

1.1 前言

钻井液是指在油气钻井过程中，以多种功能满足钻井工作需要的各种循环流体的总称^[1]。钻井液的作用主要是：清洗井底，携带岩屑；冷却和润滑钻头及钻柱；平衡地层压力；保护井壁；协助破岩；地质录井；将水力功率传递给钻头；保护油气层等^[2]。

KCl钻井液中，Cl^-、K 含量高，电导率大，还有多种成分复杂的添加剂，且井内钻井液中含有溶解氧，造成钻具腐蚀严重^[3]-[4]。钻井液中主要的腐蚀剂有氧、H₂S、CO₂和可溶性盐等，而造成钻杆腐蚀的主要原因是氧，并且在与其他腐蚀剂并存的钻井液中氧会加剧腐蚀^[5]。

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