生活垃圾处理旋风分离器设计毕业论文
2022-01-11 19:29:46
论文总字数:31615字
摘 要
随着我国城市化进程加快,城市生活垃圾处理问题日趋严重。旋风分离器作为生活垃圾处理回收的关键设备,其结构优化改进一直是行业热点。通过优化旋风分离器结构设计,提高旋风分离器的分离效率,对生活垃圾处理具有重要意义。
在总结旋风分离器相关文献的基础上,根据垃圾焚烧流程,对旋风分离器的入口宽高比a:b分别为1:1.6、1:1.7、1:1.8、1:1.9、1:2.0五种模型进行计算,比较五种模型的分离效率可知,入口宽高比为1:1.6的旋风分离器分离效率最高。
根据GB150-2011等相关国家标准,进行两级串联旋风分离器的结构设计和零件选型。第一级旋风分离器采用XLK旋风分离器,第二级旋风分离器采用XCX型旋风分离器,旋风分离器串联后的总分离效率为89.6%。保温层结构采用固定式保温支撑圈,入口结构采用天方地圆结构。
运用SW6软件分别对两台旋风分离器的零件进行校核,结果表明两台装置结构尺寸均满足安全要求。运用CAD制图软件绘制了垃圾焚烧的工艺流程、旋风分离器的装配图和零件图等。绘制了6.25张A1图纸。对串联旋风分离器进行材料成本和工艺核算,完成经济性和环保性评价。
关键词: 旋风分离器 结构设计 分离效率 强度计算
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization in China, the problem of municipal solid waste treatment is becoming more and more serious. As the key equipment for the treatment and recycling of domestic garbage, cyclone separator has been a hot spot in the industry for its structural optimization and improvement. By optimizing the structure design of the cyclone separator, improving the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator is of great significance to the treatment of domestic waste.
On the basis of summarizing the relevant literature of cyclone separators, according to the waste incineration process, the inlet aspect ratio a: b of the cyclone separator is 1: 1.6, 1: 1.7, 1: 1.8, 1: 1.9, 1: 2.0 Model calculations. Comparing the separation efficiency of the five models, the cyclone separator with an inlet aspect ratio of 1: 1.6 has the highest separation efficiency.
According to GB150-2011 and other relevant national standards, the structural design and parts selection of the two-stage series cyclone separator are carried out. The first-stage cyclone separator is adopted XLK cyclone separator, the second-stage cyclone separator is adopted XCX type cyclone separator, the total separation efficiency after the cyclone separator is connected in series is 89.6%. The insulation layer structure adopts fixed insulation support ring, and the entrance structure adopts sky-round structure.
The SW6 software was used to check the parts of the two cyclones, and the results showed that the structural dimensions of the two devices met the safety requirements. Using CAD drawing software, the process flow of garbage incineration, assembly drawing and part drawing of cyclone separator were drawn. 6.25 A1 drawings were drawn. Material cost and process accounting are performed on the cyclone in series to complete the economic and environmental protection evaluation.
Key words: Cyclone separator; structure design; separation efficiency; strength calculation
目录
摘 要 II
Abstract III
第一章 绪论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2旋风分离器简介 1
1.3国内外旋风分离器设计研究发展 1
1.3.1国外发展 1
1.3.2国内发展 2
1.4主要设计内容 3
第二章 垃圾焚烧流程及旋风分离器设计 4
2.1引言 4
2.2垃圾焚烧的工艺流程 4
2.3.1旋风分离器的工作原理 5
2.4 旋风分离器结构优化设计 7
2.4.1 旋风分离器结构设计 7
2.4.2比较计算 11
2.4.3 计算结果分析 15
2.4.4 其他结构对分离效率的影响 15
2.5 本章小结 16
第三章 串联旋风分离器结构设计 17
3.1引言 17
3.2设计参数 17
3.2.1 结构设计参数 17
3.2.2工艺设计参数 19
3.3筒体设计 20
3.4封头设计 21
3.5接管结构设计 21
3.6法兰选型 22
3.8 保温支撑圈 23
3.9天方地圆 24
3.10吊耳 24
3.11耳座 25
3.11.1设备总质量 25
3.11.2确定耳座的型号 25
3.12本章小结 25
第四章 强度计算 26
4.1引言 26
4.2筒体强度计算 26
4.2.1筒体厚度校核 26
4.2.2 圆筒上的轴向应力 26
4.2 封头强度计算 27
4.2.1 封头厚度计算 27
4.2.2 压力试验应力校核 27
4.3排气管强度计算 28
4.3.1接管厚度计算 28
4.3.2压力试验应力校核 28
4.4 法兰强度计算 28
4.4.1 法兰螺栓强度计算 28
4.4.2法兰强度校核 29
4.5开孔补强 30
4.6 本章小结 32
第五章 经济性与环保性评价 33
5.1 成本核算 33
5.2 产品评价 33
第六章 总结与展望 35
6.1总结 35
6.2展望 35
参考文献 36
致谢 39
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