摘 要

随着我国制造业特别是船舶行业的快速发展，能源消耗问题和环境保护问题越来越被国际各方面所重视。国际海事组织（IMO）对于船舶节能减排的严标准、高要求也在持续的更新中，促使了业内人士研究绿色船舶技术以实现绿色动力船舶。目前主流传统柴油机船舶机动性能好，功率范围广适用领域广，同时噪音大、伴随着许多污染物的排放，所以技术人员正在寻求新的能源或者替代燃料来提供船舶所需动力。本文从轮渡船节能减排的要求出发，结合国内外的绿色动力船舶研究现状，来探讨目前技术下300客位轮渡船的各方案的可行性并比较其经济性、动力性及排放。所得结果对于进一步明确船舶节能减排技术及我国未来内河绿色动力船舶的优先发展方向具有一定的理论支撑意义。论文主要研究了300客位轮渡船的电力推进、柴电混合动力、太阳能、燃料电池和LNG-柴油双燃料各方案的特性并作比较。研究结果表明：纯电力推进船舶和柴电混合动力船舶作为两种优秀的绿色动力方案，未来在内河船舶领域应该大力推广。

关键词：船舶；绿色动力方案；性能比较；节能减排

Abstract

With the rapid development of Chinese manufacturing industry, especially the shipping industry, The problem of energy and environmental has been paid more and more attention by the word.The more stringent standards and higher requirements of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) on energy conservation and emission reduction of ships are also being continuously updated, prompting the industry to research green ship technology to realize green power ships.At present, the traditional diesel engine has good maneuvering performance, with wide power range and application field, but high noise and many pollutants are also a serious problem, so technicians are looking for new energy or alternative fuel to provide the power needed by the ship.Based on the requirement of energy saving and emission reduction of, this paper discusses the possibility of various schemes of 300-passenger ferries under current technologies, and compares their economic efficiency, dynamic performance and emission with the combination of domestic and foreign research status of green power ships.The results has important meaning for further clarifying the technology of energy saving and emission reduction of ships and the better development direction of green power ships in inland ships in China in the future.This paper mainly studies the characteristics of electric propulsion, diesel-electric hybrid, solar energy, fuel cell and LNG/diesel dual fuel of the 300-seat ferry.The result shows that the pure electric propulsion ship and the diesel-electric hybrid ship, as two excellent green power schemes, should be promoted in the field of inland river ships in the future.

KeyWords：ships, green power schemes, performance comparison, energy saving and emission reduction

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景与意义 1

1.1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.2 研究目的及意义 2

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1 国内研究现状 2

1.2.2 国外研究现状 3

第2章 300客位轮渡船的绿色动力方案 4

2.1 电力推进船舶 4

2.1.1 电力推进系统组成 4

2.1.2 电力推进设备分析及选型 4

2.1.3 经济性 6

2.1.4 排放 6

2.2 柴电混合动力推进船舶 6

2.2.1 系统组成 6

2.2.2 柴油机和电机功率确定 6

2.2.3 蓄电池参数 7

2.2.4 动力性能 7

2.2.5 节能减排指标 8

2.3 太阳能船舶 9

2.3.1 系统组成 9

2.3.2 太阳能动力特性 9

2.4 燃料电池船舶 10

2.4.1 燃料电池选择 10

2.4.2 燃料制备转化及存储系统 11

2.4.3 经济性 12

2.4.4 排放 12

2.5 LNG-柴油双燃料船舶 13

2.5.1 系统组成 13

2.5.2 原理 13

2.5.3 经济性 14

2.5.4 排放 14

第3章 方案比较 17

3.1 经济性比较 17

3.2 排放比较 17

第4章 结论及展望 19

参考文献 20

致谢 21

第1章 绪论

1.1 研究背景与意义