摘 要

在《全球与中国汽车产业现状及发展趋势报告》中指出，提高能效对节能具有重要意义，在保护环境和节约资源的同时，高效发动机的开发和应用也是我国柴油机发展的趋势。中国能源相对较少，基于节能和环境保护。

Abstract

It is pointed out in the report on the present situation and development trend of automobile industry in the world and China that improving energy efficiency is of great significance to energy saving, while protecting environment and saving resources, the development and application of efficient engine is also the trend of diesel engine development in China. China has relatively few energy sources, based on energy conservation and environmental protection.

From the whole industry, the energy saving of small and medium-sized engines is the key engine to improve the energy saving of small and medium-sized engines. Steel industry, chemical industry, power energy, oil and other industries are also the main engines. According to the company, these industries because of long working hours, so the workload. According to the current development trend of the motor at home and abroad, based on the working principle of synchronous, asynchronous motor and brushless motor, the advantages and disadvantages of the application of the specific view of the motor in production and life problems. This is a stable feature that is useful in popularizing effective engines in these industries. Especially synchronous engines, asynchronous engines The working principle and application of this paper have a particularly important relation with production economy. During the present situation of electric motors in China, it is necessary to study the development trend of electric motors and the control principle of application process. Among them, the most commonly used pid classical control method is a particularly technical and interesting learning direction. I also studied other control methods in the study of motor control methods. I would like to learn and summarize the application of motor in production, advantages and disadvantages in this article to talk about some of their own ideas and experience, through such a long summary of the application of motor is very wide, in the application of motor. Its advantages and disadvantages are extremely important and that is the question we should devote our attention to.

Characteristics of this paper: according to the development trend of the current situation of the motor at home and abroad, based on the working principle of synchronous, asynchronous motor and brushless motor, the advantages and disadvantages of the application of the specific view of the motor in production and life problems. The working principle and advantages and disadvantages of other controls are studied in the future development of electric motors.

Keywords: asynchronous motor synchronous motor brushless DC motor brushless DC motor pid classic control principle and other control methods application and advantages and disadvantages!

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1.电动机特性及其控制方法研究的目的和意义。 1

1.2 目前电动机领域的国内外现状 2

第二章 对经典四类电动机的结构工作原理和优缺点的具体研究 2

2.1 同步电动机 2

2.2异步电动机 15

2.3有刷直流电动机…………………………………………………………………………………………………………17

2.4无刷直流电动机…………………………………………………………………………………………………………19

第三章 对pid经典控制算法工作原理以及应用和优缺点的具体分析 23

第四章 其他经典控制算法的工作原理及优缺点和具体应用的分析 24

4.2 PID控制方法和现代理论控制方法的区别 26

参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….30

致谢……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….31

1.1课题的背景及意义

目的及意义（含国内外的研究现状分析）

发动机是一种在磁场之间转换机械能和电能的电磁装置。在近几十年来，电机推进技术取得了长足的进步，在许多应用领域，包括船舶推进的一些主要应用，以便进一步发展。传统的船舶是用汽轮机、柴油机，机械能转化为电能，发动机直接调控螺旋桨。

随着电力电子技术、发动机技术、交流调速技术发展，运行效率和推力调控发电全方位发展。电力传动受到船舶工业的重视。

随着新型基础器件的发展和现代计算机，电力电子技术的性能及其控制技术的方向发展，朝着高频化方向发展，为船舶推进发动机和控制系统提供技术依据。

（1） 根据发动机工作电压的不同，分为直流和交流发动机。在交流发动机也分为单相和三相发动机。

（2）根据结构的不同，分为异步发动机和同步发动机，是永磁同步电动机，冲突同步和滞后同步发动机。异步电动机分为异步电动机和逆变器。感应电动机包括三相异步电动机、一级异步电动机和阴极异步电动机。