摘 要

船舶能效营运指数（EEOI）是由国际海事组织（IMO）推出的衡量船舶能效的一个标准。本文对EEOI指数作了深入的分析，在指数的理论推导、后续应用等方面做了探索，分析了该指数的内涵，推导了相关公式，结合调研数据进行指数试算，并对指数的应用提出了建议。具体论文工作如下：

1、针对集装箱船，利用主机油耗、主机功率、航速和排水量间的内在关联，外加推导的载重量经验计算公式和数据调研，得出了EEOI的理论估算公式，提出了影响EEOI的主要因素，包括船型因子、机型因子和营运因子。

2、利用EEOI理论估算公式，试算了调研得到的集装箱船船舶EEOI数据。计算结果表明：船舶大型化可降低EEOI数值、提高船舶能效，为明确营运因子对EEOI的影响程度，对航速、满载率、航程、停泊时间等营运因子用MATLAB作绘图分析。图形显示：降低航速对提高能效最为有效，提高满载率其次，增加航程和缩短停泊时间也有助于提高能效，但影响效果不明显。

3、对船型因子和机型因子也作了讨论，结果表明：优化船舶设计，改进与保持主机、副机、锅炉等的运转效率，使它们在最佳状态下运行，可提高船舶营运能效。针对大风浪天气和船体粗糙度这两个因素对EEOI的影响问题，进行了分析与计算，结果表明：大风浪与船体粗糙度增加够可以造成正常航行时航行阻力增加，恶劣天气与极好天气下相比EEOI数值大概增大15%左右。

关键词：船舶排放,能效EEOI ,因素分析 ,程序编写

Abstract

The ship energy efficiency operation index (EEOI) is the standard for measuring the energy efficiency of ships made by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). This article makes a deep analysis on the EEOI index,and does a search on the theoretical derivation and the subsequent application,then derives the correlation formula,finally calcullates the data for making comments.Specific papers are as follows:

For container ships, using the main engine fuel consumption, the engine power,the speed ,the displacement, the experience formula of loading weight and the survey data, the article obtaines the theoretical formula of EEOI.So the main factors affecting the EEOI are proposed, which include the ship form factors, the model factors and the operating factors.

Using the theoretical estimation formula ,final results of the calculation indicate: Ship maximization can reduce numerical value of the EEOI, and improve the energy efficiency of ships.To make sure the influencing degree, the article analyses the speed,the loading rate, the range, the berthing time by using Matlab cartography function.Figures show that: reducing the speed to improve energy efficiency is the most effective, improving the loading rate is the second.Increasing the range and shortening the berthing time is also helpful to improve energy efficiency, but the effect is not obvious.

The ship form factors and model factors are also discussed. The results show : Optimizating design of the ships, developping and maintaining the efficiency of the operation of the main engine,auxiliary machine,and boilers to keep them in the best condition could increase the energy efficiency of the operation of the ship. As for the impact of the rough weather and the roughness of the hull, the article also analyses and calculates the data, the results show that they both increase the sailing resistance , for example,compared to the excellent weather, in the bad weather ,EEOI approximately is increased by 15%.

KEY WORDS: ship emission ,EEOI ,factor analysis, programming

目录

第一章绪论.......................................................................................................................................................1

1.1 研究的背景及意义...........................................................................................................................1

1.2 国内外研究现状...............................................................................................................................2

1.3 论文结构.............................................................................................................................................2

第二章 船舶营运指数的发展.....................................................................................................................4

2.1 温室气体的排放及影响..................................................................................................................4

2.2 IMO公约的发展.................................................................................................................................6

2.3 早起版本——船舶二氧化碳排放指数.......................................................................................6

2.4 最新版本——船舶营运指数.........................................................................................................6

2.4.1 单次航行的EEOI介绍..........................................................................................................7

2.4.2 某段时间或者多次航行计算下的EEOI...........................................................................7

2.5 船舶营运指数中争论点探讨.........................................................................................................8

2.5.1 排放因子讨论............................................................................................................................8

2.5.2 货物单元讨论 ..........................................................................................................................9

第三章 船舶营运指数公式计算与分析.................................................................................................10

3.1 燃油消耗...........................................................................................................................................10

3.1.1 消耗的燃油组成分析............................................................................................................10

3.1.2 油耗、主机功率、时间之间的关系.................................................................................10

3.1.3 主机功率、排水量、航速之间的关系.............................................................................12

3.2 船舶质量估算..................................................................................................................................13

3.2.1 船舶质量分类..........................................................................................................................13