摘 要

船舶是一个独立的领域，一座漂浮在茫茫大洋中的独立的城市，随着科学和技术的发展，人们开始不断的思索如何才能更高效率的使用能源，如何才能提高能源的使用效率。在陆地上，人们可以通过使用风能、太阳能等新型能源来节约煤炭等储存的源，并且保护环境，同样的船舶也应该考虑节能环保的问题。现代世界里，我们最重要的问题就是考虑到未来的发展，所以，必须要防止污染的发生。只有控制污染的发生，我们才能健康的生活在地球上，只有控制污染，我们才能让地球母亲得到健康发展。对于我们船舶行业也一样，船舶是烧油的，所以船舶自然会对环境造成污染，那么我们为什么不通过减少船舶对环境的污染来达到环保的目的呢？但是就现有技术来讲，不可能减少传播的油耗来保护环境，因为我们最起码要保证传播的正常行驶，所以我们要通过其他的方法来保护环境，比如通过提高能源的利用率。我们都知道，船舶锅炉在燃烧过程中会产生余热，我们如果将燃烧过程中产生的余热再次进行利用，那么就会提高能源的使用效率，从而间接达到了环保的目的。这种方法虽然不像不使用燃油环保效果好，但是也是在现有状况下的最好方法了。船舶的余热利用绝对是一种好方法，一种环保节能的方法。

本篇论文船舶废气锅炉的热平衡计算，提出了利用船舶主机余热来提高船舶的能源使用率和柴油机的工作效率以及环保节能的方案。这篇文章主要是分别讲解锅炉，尤其是对废气锅炉的介绍，然后先用了大型散货船上的大型柴油机的参数进行计算，计算出废弃锅炉的热平衡，其中主要包括主机的热平衡还有锅炉的热平衡。本篇文章也主要是计算主机热平衡和废气锅炉热平衡这两个结果然后进行分析，最后根据得出的结果，提出一些改善的建议和废气锅炉节能性的优点体现。为了更加直观的显并且介绍了废气锅炉的维护与保养方法，让人们能安全的充分利用废气锅炉。

通过实例分析，在船舶上利用主机余热进行加热日常生活用水方案是可行的，对社会和世界的经济都有非常积极的作用。

关键词：废气锅炉，利用余热，热平衡，节能性，安全使用

Abstract

Ship is a separate field, a floating in the vast ocean of independent city, with the development of science and technology, people began to constantly thinking about how to higher efficiency of energy use, how to improve the efficiency of energy use.On land, people can through the use of new energy such as wind power and solar energy to save storage source, such as coal and protect the environment, the same ship should also consider the problem of energy conservation and environmental protection.In the modern world, we are the most important problem is to consider the future development, therefore, must want to prevent pollution.Only the occurrence of pollution control, can we healthy life on earth, only to control pollution, we can let the earth mother get healthy development.For our shipping industry, shipping is burning oil, so the ship will damage to the environment, so why don't we by reducing the ship pollution to the environment to achieve the purpose of environmental protection?But in terms of existing technology, impossible to reduce the spread of the fuel consumption to protect the environment, because we are at the very least to ensure that the spread of moving, so we have to through other ways to protect the environment, such as by improving the energy utilization.We all know, Marine boiler generates waste heat in the combustion process, if we will be produced in the process of burning waste heat to use again, then will improve the efficiency of energy use, and indirectly, achieved the purpose of environmental protection.This method doesn't like do not use the fuel and environmental protection effect is good, but is the best way in the existing conditions.Ship waste heat utilization is a good method, a method of environmental protection and energy saving.

This paper ship exhaust gas boilers of heat balance calculation, puts forward the host ship waste heat is used to improve the work efficiency of energy utilization and Marine diesel engines as well as the environmental protection and energy saving solutions.This article is mainly on boiler respectively, especially with the introduction of the exhaust gas boiler, and then use the large diesel engine on the large bulk carrier first parameter to calculate, calculate the waste boiler thermal balance, which mainly includes the host of the heat balance and heat balance of the boiler.This article mainly calculation also host heat balance and exhaust boiler heat balance between the two results and analysis, according to the results, puts forward some improvement Suggestions and exhaust boiler energy-saving advantages.In order to show more intuitive and introduces the maintenance method of exhaust gas boiler, let people can safely make full use of the exhaust gas boiler.

Through example analysis, the heat from the host in the ship for heating water scheme is feasible, daily life of society and the world economy has a very positive role.

Keywords: exhaust boiler, the use of waste heat, heat balance, energy saving, safe use

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2国内外废气锅炉热平衡分析计算的发展历史及概况 1

1.3废气锅炉热平衡的分析计算原理 2

第二章 船用辅助锅炉 5

2.1概述 5

2.1.1锅炉在船舶动力装置中的作用 5

2.1.2锅炉的主要性能指标 6

2.2 船舶辅助锅炉的结构与附件 6

2.2.1燃油锅炉 6

2.2.2废气锅炉 6

2.2.3 锅炉附件 9

第三章 计算部分 11

3.1船舶主机的热平衡分析 11

3.1.1某船舶主机的相关参数 11

3.1.2热平衡分析 11

3.1.3船舶主机的热平衡图 12

3.1.4柴油机的排气余热计算 13

3.1.5船舶主机排气热平衡图 13

第四章 热平衡计算的优点 16

4.1.船用废气锅炉热平衡分析计算的作用 16

4.2．船用废气锅炉热平衡的影响因素 16

第五章 节能性分析以及如何安全使用废气锅炉 19

5.1.节能性分析 19

5.2.如何安全使用废气锅炉 19

第六章 结论 22

参考文献 24

致 谢 25