论文总字数：24308字

摘 要

近代产业的迅速发展,增加了不平衡或非线性负荷的电力系统,民间电气产品的不断接入，三相电压不平衡日益严重起来，严重的危害着电力系统的经济运行和安全。所以,电网和负载的平衡化与电力补偿成为目前的研究热点之一。因此,考虑到电力系统负载不平衡的现象,设计了一种可以不考虑到负载种类且能使负载在整个系统中平衡的补偿器，并且还有消除谐波以及无功补偿的作用。

本文所研究是以电压源型变流器为主要构造的不平衡补偿器，通过了解各种各样的补偿器以后，总结了它们各自的特点，然后借鉴它们的优点应用到自己设计的补偿器中，此补偿器采用的算法是利用了瞬时功率平衡理论。最后的仿真结果也有效说明了此不平衡补偿器能使不平衡的负载平衡化且不在乎于负载的种类，也就是说，从电源端看来，无论什么种类的不平衡负载，当补偿器工作以后，负载和补偿器等效为一个平衡的负载。

本文比较全面的介绍了不平衡补偿器数学模型的建立过程以及控制系统的各种设计过程，为了使整个系统能够实现稳态无静差，也就是说为了让整个系统能够有良好的稳定性，因此系统中的交流量应该转化为直流量来进行控制，为了实现此功能，采用了旋转坐标下的双闭环控制。

为了能够让不平衡补偿器直流侧的电压能够得到有效的利用，所以确定采用以电压空间矢量作为开关的控制方法。用MATLAB中的Simulink仿真工具对带有不同种类的负载的有补偿器的电力系统进行仿真，最后的仿真结果说明无论什么种类的负载，此不平衡补偿器都有良好的补偿效果。

关键词： 不平衡补偿器 Simulink 双闭环控制 SVPWM 功率平衡理论

Based on the theory of power balance of three-phase unbalanced load compensator is studied

Abstract

With the rapid development of modern industry, electric power system or unbalanced nonlinear loads increasing access to a large number of civilian electrical equipment to make the grid three-phase voltage imbalance is getting worse, the economy and security of the power system severely hazardous . So how on the grid and three phase loads and reactive power compensation has become a hot topic of current research. Therefore, this paper grid load imbalance, a design can make the load balancing of the unbalance compensation, with both reactive power compensation and harmonic functions.

This paper studied the compensation to voltage source converter as a circuit topology, based on the analysis of various existing compensator compensating advantages and disadvantages of the method, using a compensation method based on the power balance algorithm. Simulation results show that this compensation method can compensate for the unbalanced load balancing, it seems from the supply side, the original load and the compensator together like a balanced resistive load.

Article carefully derived mathematical model and control system design compensator, using a double-loop control of the rotation coordinates, the power from the AC current error amount becomes the amount of direct traffic control, can effectively achieve steady-state static error, to achieve a better the steady-state performance.

Determine the switching voltage space vector modulation strategy, effectively improve the DC voltage utilization. And based on the compensation a compensator MATLAB / Simulink for power supply systems with different loads were simulated. Simulation results show that this compensation does not depend on the specific form of the load, good robust performance, but also has good dynamic response.

Keywords compensator，MATLAB，bicyclic control，voltage space vector，power balance theory

目 录

摘要....................................................................... I

Abstract.................................................................. II

第一章 绪论................................................................1

1.1 引言.......................................................1

1.2 无功补偿技术的发展现状.................................................1

1.2.1 同步调相机.........................................................2

1.2.2 并联电容器补偿.........................................3

1.2.3 并联电抗器补偿.........................................3

1.2.4 静止无功补偿器....................................................4

1.2.5 静止无功发生器.........................................4

1.3 无功补偿技术的发展趋势......................................6

1.4 本文选题的意义以及主要研究的内容.............................7

1.4.1 本文选题的意义.........................................7

1.4.2 本文主要研究的内容.......................................7

第二章 不平衡补偿器工作原理..................................9

2.1 不平衡补偿器的结构.........................................9

2.2 不平衡补偿器补偿电流检测方法...............................10

2.3 基于功率平衡原理不平衡补偿器的补偿方法.......................11

2.4 不平衡补偿器数学模型的建立...............................14

2.4.1 不平衡补偿器在三相对称静止坐标系中的数学模型.................14

2.4.2 不平衡补偿器在两相旋转坐标系中的数学模型.....................15

第三章 不平衡补偿器的系统设计...............................17

3.1 主电路参数的设计...........................................17

3.1.1 不平衡补偿器直流侧电压的确定................................17

3.1.2 不平衡补偿器直流侧储能电容的设计...........................17

3.1.3 不平衡补偿器输出电感的设计................................18

3.2 不平衡补偿器控制系统的设计...................................19

3.2.1 低通滤波器的设计..............................................19

3.2.2 控制环节的设计..............................................20

3.3 不平衡补偿器空间矢量脉宽调制方法的基本原理......................21

第四章 仿真与分析...................................................24

第五章 结论...........................................................28

参考文献..................................................................29

致 谢....................................................................31

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