摘 要

本工程的设计对象为一大型化工厂,厂内有大量的高低压电气设备。为满足扩大产量的要求,在早期的基础上,新投入了一些用电设备,因而老供电系统将难以满足现有生产的需要,此外,该配电所的智能化水平有待进一步完善。本次厂用供电及综合自动化系统的设计旨在修复系统本身存在的漏洞,提升各工段装置的工作效率,设计一套科学的接线方案,以保障系统运行安全为基本原则,合理分配负荷为手段,对所有资源进行整合,使其得到最大化的利用,保证系统配电设计计划的可行性,最后对本厂进行综合自动化系统的设计,从而使变电站及配电所的现代化程度得到了充分地提高。

本文对原厂用电负荷分布及新增负荷容量的基本情况进行了分析,对综合配电所的位置做了具体规划,并对其中的各高低压设备做了合理布局,同时,选定供电系统的运行方式以及确定变压器、配电柜等设备的参数,通过对负载大小的计算,包括短路电流计算,确定采用满足要求的各电气设备的型号和数量,此外,还对系统的二次回路做了设计,从而对本工厂一次回路进行有效调控,以确保各电气设备可以安全正常地运行。在对电力系统的改造过程中,尽可能的做到对电能的高效利用,采用各种方式以减小线路损耗,进而达到节省能源、减小投资成本的目的。首先,根据对硬件的系统配置,对综合自动化系统的可行性进行了分析;其次,拟定了各工段之间的逻辑分层,从而确定了本系统中各结构的功能，实现了实时数据和各种反馈的稳定传递,并通过软硬件的协同配合,完成了人机的对话及运行监测平台,为工厂创建了一个安全、可靠、合理的配电所综合智能化操作系统。

该综合自动化系统现不但反应迅速、通讯传输稳定、控制准确度极高,而且操作便捷、拓展性强、后期维护方便,基本符合了本厂供配电系统的综合自动化的设计要求

关键词：负荷计算，二次回路，综合自动化，配电系统

ABSTRACT

The design of the project is a large chemical plant, the factory has a large number of high and low voltage electrical equipment. In order to meet the expanding production requirements, in the early days of the foundation, put some new and old electric equipment, power supply system will be difficult to meet the needs of the existing production, in addition, the distribution of the intelligence level needs to be further improved. To repair the system itself loopholes with power supply and design of integrated automation system in the factory, each section of equipments to improve the work efficiency, wiring scheme design a set of scientific, in order to ensure the safe operation of the system as the basic principle, reasonable load distribution as a means to integrate all resources, to maximize the use of to ensure the feasibility of the system design, distribution plan, design the integrated automation system of the factory, so that the distribution of the substation and the degree of modernization has been fully improved.

The original factory was analyzed with the basic situation of the load distribution and load capacity of the new, comprehensive distribution of the position to do the specific planning, and the high and low voltage equipment which makes a reasonable layout, at the same time, the operation parameters selection of the power supply system and determine the transformer, power distribution cabinet and other equipment, through the the size of the load calculation, including short-circuit current calculation, determine the type and quantity to meet the requirements of various electrical equipment, in addition, also on the two loop system designed to effectively control the plant a loop to ensure the normal operation of electrical equipment safety. In the process of power system transformation, as much as possible to achieve the efficient use of electricity, using various ways to reduce line loss, and then to save energy and reduce investment costs. First of all, according to the system configuration of hardware, the feasibility of integrated automation system is analyzed; secondly, develop the logical layer between each section, so as to determine the structure of the system function, realize the real-time data transmission and feedback stability, and through the coordination of hardware and software, to complete the man-machine the dialogue and monitoring platform, integrated intelligent operating system distribution for the factory to create a safe, reliable and reasonable.

The integrated automation system is not only rapid response, stable transmission, communication control with high accuracy, and convenient operation, strong expandability, convenient maintenance, basically meet the design requirements of the integrated automation of power supply and distribution system of the factory.

Key Words： load calculation, second loop, integrated automation,power distribution syste

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1工厂供配电系统的意义 1

1.2发展现状分析 1

1.3设计内容及步骤 2

1.4设计原则 3

第2章 方案选择与设计 4

2.1供电方案选择与确定 4

2.2变配电室设计方案 4

第3章 负荷分析计算和无功补偿 5

3.1新增负荷的选择 5

3.2负荷计算 5

3.2.1负荷计算的方法 5

3.2.2工厂负荷的计算 7

3.3无功补偿 10

3.3.1无功补偿 10

3.3.2补偿方式的确定 10

第4章 配电室设计与设备选择 12

4.1配电室选址 12

4.1.1配电所的设计要求 12

4.1.2变配电所所址选择 12

4.2高低压设备的选择与校验 13

4.3高压母线进出线电缆的选择与校验 14

4.4变压器的选择与校验 17

4.4.1变压器的选择 17

4.4.2 变压器的校验 18

4.4.3 各工段配电室变压器的确定 19

4.5避雷器的选择 21

4.6工厂供配电二次回路及继电保护的设计 23

4.7节能措施 27

第5章 工厂变配电室综合自动化设计 29

5.1变配电所综合自动化分析 29

5.2综合自动化系统设计方案 30

5.2.1 本期装置数量及配置要求 32

5.2.2 结构要求 33

5.2.3 后台系统配置及要求 34

5.2.4 交、直流系统 34

第6章 结论 36

参考文献 37

致谢 38

第1章 绪论

1.1工厂供配电系统的意义

几乎在所有的大规模的自动化工业生产过程中,电能都是不可或缺的。众所周知,自动化工业生产的主要能量来源就是电能,它能为生产提供主要动力。电能是通过蕴藏在自然界中的各种一次能源转变而来的清洁二次能源。它与其它形式的能源之间的转换过程相对来说是比较容易实现的,同时电能也可以非常方便地被远距离输送。因此,电能在自动化工业生产运用是非常广泛的,甚至甚至遍及到全部的国民经济和社会生活中。