摘 要

1绪论 3

1.1研究目的与意义 3

1.2国内外的研究现状 3

1.3本文的研究内容 5

1.3.1研究现状存在的问题 5

1.3.2本文研究的主要内容 6

2 分层间隔装药的破岩机理 7

2.1引言 7

2.2间隔装药在岩石中应力波传播的机理分析 7

2.3空气间隔装药爆破破岩机理及间隔空气层比例 11

2.3.1空气间隔装药爆破破岩理论机理 11

2.3.2空气间隔装药爆破的间隔空气层比例 14

3合理空气层比例的数值计算和参数优化 16

3.1引言 16

3.2空气间隔装药合理空气层比例数值分析 16

3.3空气间隔装药的参数优化 17

3.4.2孔底间隔装药爆破的降震机理概述 19

4 结论与展望 20

参考文献： 21

摘要

介绍了当前国内外分层间隔装药爆破的研究现状，及相关方面研究成果，对间隔装药爆破的机理、参数计算等做理论性概述，并阐述了间隔装药结构相对连续装药结构的优势。

间隔装药爆破技术一方面可以使炸药能量在炮孔方向均匀分布，可以减少岩石的过度粉碎，从而使爆破的块度更为均匀，降低单耗，提高炸药能量的利用率；另一方面，还可以降低爆破对周边环境的危害震动。但是，相对于传统连续柱状装药爆破方式，间隔装药爆破的爆破方法和技术研究，目前为止多处于试验阶段，仍未形成系统完整的理论系统，也没有较为全面系统的实际资料。目前，间隔装药结构绝大多数为空气间隔装药结构，以砂土和水方面作为间隔介质的研究则相对较少。本文中的分层间隔装药在论及砂土、水介质的条件下，也主要倾向指空气间隔装药。本文在前人的工作基础上，针对爆破实际，分析分层间隔装药爆破的爆破效果及爆破振动特性，运用数值模拟分析软件ANSYS／LS—DYNA，模拟岩石钻孔爆破，采用间隔装药方式，结合相关爆破理论知识，在确保安全的前提下，寻求最佳的分层间隔装药爆破参数，做了以下事。

1. 综合分析比较了前人有关分层间隔装药爆破的破岩机理研究，如间隔装药技术的炮孔孔内应力作用过程及其碎岩机理。本文从已有的、关于间隔装药爆炸冲击波、爆轰产物介质的膨胀运动过程及其与炮孔底部和堵塞头底部的相互作用过程研究入手，综述了间隔装药爆破的爆破破岩的理论机理。
2. 分析了以往研究中不同学者在间隔装药爆破中合理的数值计算这方面的差异，并对他们所进行的间隔装药参数优化研究做了大概论述。其次，通过分析研究前人的研究成果，得出不同形式的间隔装药结构（如底部间隔装药、中部间隔装药与上部间隔装药）的效用与区别。

关键词：分层间隔装药爆破 ；爆破震动；爆破机理；间隔层比例；震动效应；空气间隔装药

Abstract

Current domestic stratification of interval charging blasting research status ,and the relevant research results were introduced. mechanism of interval charging blasting and calculation parameters was theoretically overviewed, and advantage of the interval charging charge structure compared continuous charging charge structure were expounded.

Interval-decking blasting technology can make the explosive energy evenly distributed in the direction of the hole, can reduce the excessive crushed rock, so that the blasting fragmentation is more uniform, reduce consumption, improve the utilization rate of explosive energy; on the other hand, can also reduce the harm of blasting vibration on the surrounding environment. However, compared with the the traditional continuous column blasting, blasting research methods and techniques of decking, far more in the experimental stage, has not yet formed a complete theoretical system, there is no actual data systematically. At present, interval charge structure for the vast majority of air decking structure, with sand and water as the study interval medium is relatively small. In this paper, the layered interval charge on sandy soil and water medium conditions, mainly refers to the tendency of air decking. Based on the previous work , according to the reality of the blasting. Analysis stratified interval blasting effect and blasting vibration characteristics, using numerical simulation analysis software ANSYS / LS – DYNA to simulate rock drilling and blasting, the interval charging ways, combined with relevant theoretical knowledge of blasting, in ensuring the safety of the, seek the best hierarchical interval charging blasting parameters, do the following things.