摘 要

当前主要应用于乘用车的自动变速器分为电控机械式自动变速器AMT、双离合自动变速器DCT(也有称作DSG)、液力自动变速器AT和无级自动变速器CVT。虽然现今我国市场上在售的自动档车型众多，搭载的变速器形式也各不相同，但除个别本土自主整车厂家能够自行制造自动变速器以外，大部分厂家均选择直接购买知名供应商提供的变速器成品。而进行自行设计变速器的本土厂家也不多，一些直属于整车厂家或者有长期利益关系的自动变速器供应商往往借此保存技术实力不对第三方出售先进的自动变速器，这造成了许多自主车型搭载的自动变速器落后于市场主流水平的现象。因此，能够自行设计出一款工作适应范围广且性能优异的自动变速器是许多本土整车厂长期的需求。

随着今年国家开放“二胎”政策的实施，不少具备一定经济实力的家庭都在考虑购买7座的中型SUV车型以满足家庭的出行需求，因此，市场对于7座中型SUV的需求也在增长。

本文结合市场对于自动变速器的需求和对于7座中型SUV车型的需求，参考相关设计资料，意图自行探索设计自动变速器的方法。并设计出一款6速液力自动变速器。本文主要研究了根据参考车型动力参数需求将自动变速器分为液力变矩器、齿轮传动部分两大部分来设计自动变速器的方法。通过这次设计让本人深入的学习了相关的知识，同时也激发了本人对于进一步学习更多相关知识的渴望。

研究结果表明：自行设计一款合适参考车型的液力式自动变速器是比较困难的，很多设计所需数据是需要大量的试验才能得到验证的，所得结果对于探索自行设计液力自动变速器具有一定的指导意义。

关键词：自动变速器；AT；液力变矩器；行星齿轮系

Abstract

The automatic transmission is divided into several kinds such as AMT(automatic mechanism transmission), DCT(dual clutch transmission, some automobile companies name it DSG-direct shift gearbox), AT(automatic transmission) and CVT(continuously variable transmission). Although there are a great amount of cars equip several kinds of automatic transmission, which are sold in China. But, there are only a few automobile companies from abroad such as Toyota, Honda, Volkswagon can design and produce their own automatic transmission. Most of Chinese native cars companies cannot fashion their own automatic transmission. As the consequence of this, they have to buy the transmission from other great parts suppliers such as ZF, Asin and Getrag. These native cars companies are also trapped in designing a new automatic transmission. However, not all the suppliers can provide the sophisticated transmission, since they are the partners of some great enterprises such as Asin which has the special relationship with Toyota. As the result of this, these Chinese native companies have to buy some old-fashion automatic transmission. Obviously, to obtain the original automatic transmission which can work in any condition with several types of cars is the target of native cars companies.

Currently, the “two children” policy has been published. Many Chinese bourgeoisie families would like to buy the seven seats middle size SUV to satisfy the needs of the whole family’s travel. Consequently, the needs of the middle size SUV which has seven seats will ascend.

This paper tries to find out an available method about designing an six-speed automatic transmission satisfying the needs of the cars company and the markets, by searching for related literature. And the theme of this paper is developing an approach of designing an automatic transmission which can satisfy the dynamic performance requirement of the SUV.

The results have indicated that designing a original automatic transmission is a challenge. There are lots of data which needs to be tested in the experiment. The results have important guiding significance in designing a automatic transmission.

Key Words：automatic transmission, AT, hydraulic convertor, planetary gear mechanism

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 设计的目的及意义 1

1.2 自动变速器的发展现状 1

1.3 设计的内容与要求 3

第2章 液力变矩器设计 4

2.1液力变矩器的结构及其工作原理 4

2.2 液力变矩器循环圆的设计 5

2.2.1 液力变矩器循环圆概述 5

2.2.2 液力变矩器循环圆尺寸参数的设计 6

2.2.3液力变矩器几何结构参数的最佳组合 9

2.3 闭锁式离合器摩擦片的设计 20

2.3.1 闭锁式离合器机构的结构及其工作原理 20

2.3.2 闭锁式离合器机构摩擦片计算 20

第3章 齿轮箱设计 22

3.1 自动变速器齿轮箱的结构 22

3.1.1 行星齿轮机构的结构及其工作原理 22

3.1.2 行星齿轮箱的换挡执行机构的结构和工作原理 24

3.1.3 行星齿轮箱的结构类型 26

3.2 自动变速器齿轮箱的行星齿轮机构设计 28

3.2.1 行星齿轮机构机构参数的设计与计算 28

3.2.2 行星齿轮机构主轴的设计与计算 32

第4章 结论 38

参考文献 39

附录 41

致谢 44

第1章 绪论

1.1 设计的目的及意义